To address the problem of timetable rescheduling for additional trains under scenes of sudden large passenger flow in urban rail transit, an optimization model of timetable rescheduling for additional trains based on the event-activity network theory is constructed, aiming at minimizing both the number of stranded passengers and the number of rolling stock in operation. Moreover, the model gives overall consideration on the practical operational constraints such as safety running intervals, turn-back connections, and vehicle load limits. On the basis of model linearization, a robust optimization approach is employed to handle passenger flow uncertainty, and a rolling horizon optimization algorithm based on model predictive control is designed to enable efficient iterative solution of the model. Taking field operation data from Shenzhen Metro Line 11 as an example, simulation experiments are conducted to validate the proposed approach. The results show that under the condition of large fluctuations of passenger flow, the proposed method can guarantee the solution accuracy while significantly improving computational efficiency. In particular, the model performs optimally when the robustness control parameter is set between 4-6, controlling relative errors within 3% and reducing average computation time by 49.77%. Furthermore, the rolling horizon algorithm demonstrates good adaptability and solution stability under uncertain durations. The method provides decision-making support for additional trains rescheduling under sudden large passenger flow in urban rail transit and offers theoretical and methodological foundations for the establishment of intelligent dispatching systems in the future.
YIZhigang. Study on the Integrated Operation and Dispatching System of Rail Transit under Network Operation [J]. Railway Transport and Economy, 2016, 38 (12): 91-97. in Chinese
XUEFeng, FANQianli, ZHOULin, et al. Marshalling Station Car-Flow Model Considering Additional Trains [J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information, 2022, 20 (4): 123-135. in Chinese
XUPeijuan, NIUYuwei, QINYang, et al. Metro Trains Rescheduling Method Involving the Rescheduling Problem of Rolling Stocks [J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2023, 20 (12): 4517-4528. in Chinese
HUANGQiguang, LIJianquan. Design and Implementation of Automatic Train Adjustment Based on Real-Time Passenger Flow in Urban Rail Transit [J]. Railway Transport and Economy, 2021, 43 (5): 130-134. in Chinese
[11]
BURDETTR L, KOZANE. Techniques for Inserting Additional Trains into Existing Timetables [J]. Transportation Research, Part B: Methodological, 2009, 43 (8/9): 821-836.
[12]
LIS K, LIUR H, GAOZ Y, et al. Integrated Train Dwell Time Regulation and Train Speed Profile Generation for Automatic Train Operations on High-Density Metro Lines: a Distributed Optimal Control Method [J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2021, 148: 82-105.
ZHANShuguang, ZHAOJun, PENGQiyuan. Real-Time Train Rescheduling on High-Speed Railway under Partial Segment Blockages [J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38 (10): 1-13. in Chinese
[15]
ZHUY Q, GOVERDER M P. Dynamic and Robust Timetable Rescheduling for Uncertain Railway Disruptions [J]. Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management, 2020, 15: 100196.
YIZhigang, DAIXianchun. A Study on the Model for Inserting Additional Trains into Existing Timetables in Urban Rail Transit [J]. Applied Science and Technology, 2024, 51 (3): 150-160. in Chinese
YIZhigang. Plan Adjustment Model and Algorithm for Inserting Extra Trains in Urban Rail Transit Based on Predictable Large Passenger Flow [J]. Urban Mass Transit, 2024, 27 (9): 18-24. in Chinese
ZHAOXiang, WUJinfei, SHANXinghua. Collaborative Optimization of High-Speed Train Line Planning and Seat Allocation under “Daily Train Timetabling” [J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2023, 45 (8): 10-17. in Chinese
[22]
张皓翔.城市轨道交通可预知大客流场景下临客开行优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2022.
[23]
ZHANGHaoxiang. Study on the Optimization of Temporary Passenger Train Operation for Urban Rail Transit under Predictable Mass Passenger Flow [D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2022. in Chinese
MAOWanhua, CHENYaru. Research on Optimization Method of Newly-Added Train Paths Based on Train Running Diagram of High Speed Railways [J]. Railway Transport and Economy, 2021, 43 (11): 1-6, 26. in Chinese
[26]
CACCHIANIV, CAPRARAA, TOTHP. Scheduling Extra Freight Trains on Railway Networks [J]. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 2010, 44 (2): 215-231.
WANGYihui, ZHAOKangqi, WANGHangyu, et al. Train Rescheduling under Bi-Directional Interruption with Uncertain Duration of a Metro Line [J]. China Railway Science, 2023, 44 (4): 230-240. in Chinese
ZHOUWeiteng, QIANLei, HANBaoming, et al. Train Rescheduling of Urban Rail Transit under Bi-Directional Interruption in Operation Section [J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 52 (4): 770-779. in Chinese
[31]
CADARSOL, MARÍNÁ, MARÓTIG. Recovery of Disruptions in Rapid Transit Networks [J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2013, 53: 15-33.
[32]
BINDERS, MAKNOONY, BIERLAIREM. The Multi-Objective Railway Timetable Rescheduling Problem [J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2017, 78: 78-94.
[33]
MENGL Y, ZHOUX S. Robust Single-Track Train Dispatching Model under a Dynamic and Stochastic Environment: a Scenario-Based Rolling Horizon Solution Approach [J]. Transportation Research, Part B: Methodological, 2011, 45 (7): 1080-1102.
[34]
ZHANS G, KROONL G, ZHAOJ, et al. A Rolling Horizon Approach to the High Speed Train Rescheduling Problem in Case of a Partial Segment Blockage [J]. Transportation Research, Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2016, 95: 32-61.
[35]
GHAEMIN, ZILKOA A, YANF, et al. Impact of Railway Disruption Predictions and Rescheduling on Passenger Delays [J]. Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management, 2018, 8 (2): 103-122.
[36]
BERTSIMASD, SIM M. The Price of Robustness [J]. Operations Research, 2004, 52 (1): 35-53.