To mitigate the cascading impacts of induced large passenger flow events on metro system in networked operation environment, a novel approach of passenger flow situation deduction and robust decision-making for metro network is proposed. Firstly, a parallel deduction framework of induced large passenger flow situation is developed by integrating a multi-agent system that accounts for uncertainties in passenger flow demand. A robust optimization model is then formulated to support network-level train scheduling adjustments in response to abnormal passenger flow fluctuations, and a solution strategy is designed with a local search algorithm. Finally, the scene of sudden large passenger flow in Xi'an Metro North Station is taken as a practical exemplar for validation. The results show that the proposed method shows good feasibility in practical application. In the case analysis, the system adeptly manages over 100 thousand travel routes and 800 thousand passengers in intricate scenarios, accomplishing a deduction process of 4 h operation scenario in approximately 5 s. The congestion propagation risks of induced large passenger flow are effectively mitigated through the strategic deployment of backup vehicles and timetable modifications. The comprehensive performance prioritization strategy and the risk control prioritization strategy are found to be suitable for scenarios characterized by small and large disparities in passenger flow patterns, respectively. This method provides a new decision-making reference for emergency management of large passenger flows in metro networked operation.
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