1.State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China
2.School of Safety Engineering and Emergency Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China
3.Hebei Engineering Innovation Center for Traffic Emergency and Guarantee, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China
4.School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2025-02-18
2026-03-01
Issue Date
2026-07-13
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摘要
为适应现代铁路桥梁抢修的需求,提出一种基于可伸缩斜腹杆的可展式铁路中等跨度抢修梁技术方案。该抢修梁以可展构架单元为基本单元,可通过斜腹杆的伸缩实现折叠与展开,解决既有抢修梁拼组效率和储运空间不能兼顾的技术问题,同时适应普铁、高铁桥梁的抢修要求。建立有限元分析模型和多体动力学模型,对可展铁路抢修梁进行静力学分析和车桥耦合动力响应分析。结果表明:可展铁路抢修梁的应力水平、位移能满足《铁路桥涵设计规范》限值要求,客货共线铁路列车(ZKH)荷载作用下抢修梁各杆件应力最大;斜腹杆布置方式对可展铁路抢修梁的极限承载力具有显著的影响,斜腹杆倒“八”字形布置时极限承载力较高;32 m跨3种桁架配置类型中,重型桁架抢修梁各项动力响应指标较优;轮重减载率是控制列车运行速度的关键因素,高铁列车通过32 m跨度可展铁路抢修梁的限速可控制在120 km · h-1。
Abstract
To meet the requirements of modern railway bridge emergency repair, a technical scheme for a deployable medium-span emergency repair girder based on telescopic diagonal web members is proposed. The girder utilizes deployable frame units as its basic components, enabling folding and deployment through the extension and retraction of the diagonal web members. This design resolves the technical challenge of balancing assembly efficiency with storage and transportation space in existing repair girders, while also meeting the emergency repair demands of both conventional-speed and high-speed railway bridges. Finite element analysis models and multi-body dynamics models are established to conduct static analysis and vehicle-bridge coupled dynamic response analysis on the deployable railway emergency repair girder. The results indicate that the stress levels and displacements of the deployable repair girder meet the limit requirements of the “Code for Design on Railway Bridge and Culvert”. The member stresses are highest under the loading of mixed passenger and freight railway traffic. The arrangement of the diagonal web members significantly influences the ultimate bearing capacity of the deployable girder, with the inverted V-shaped configuration yielding a higher ultimate bearing capacity. Among the three truss configurations for the 32 m span, the heavy truss emergency repair girder exhibits superior dynamic response indices. The wheel load reduction rate is identified as the key factor controlling train speed, and the speed limit for high-speed trains crossing the 32 m span deployable railway emergency repair girder can be controlled at 120 km · h-¹.
图17给出了车辆以不同速度通过抢修梁时,抢修梁跨中动力响应最大值。从图17(a)和图17(b)可以看出,随着车辆速度的增加,重型桁架抢修梁的竖向位移和竖向振动加速度呈现出逐渐增大的趋势,而轻型桁架抢修梁和混合型桁架抢修梁的竖向响应则呈先增大后减小的趋势,在车速达到160 km · h-1时达到峰值。在3种抢修梁中,轻型桁架抢修梁的竖向响应最大,而重型桁架抢修梁的竖向响应最小。
从图17(c)和图17(d)可以看出,随着车辆速度的提升,3种抢修梁的横向位移和横向振动加速度先增大后减小,其中重型桁架抢修梁在160 km · h-1的车速下横向响应达到峰值,横向振动加速度为1.72 m · s-2,轻型桁架抢修梁和混合型桁架抢修梁在140 km · h-1的车速下横向响应达到峰值,横向振动加速度分别为2.42和2.43 m · s-2,均超出了《检规》中规定的桥面横向振动加速度不超过1.4 m · s-2的要求。在3种抢修梁中,混合型桁架抢修梁的横向响应最大,而重型桁架抢修梁的横向响应最小。
图18给出了车辆以不同速度通过抢修梁时的安全指标最大值。从图18可以看出,抢修梁的桁架配置类型对车辆3项安全指标影响较小。随着车辆速度的提高,车辆轮重减载率、脱轨系数及轮对横向力不断增大。在车速达到140 km · h-1时轮重减载率超过《规范》限值,车速达到160 km · h-1时车辆轮对横向力超过《规范》限值。车辆轮重减载率是控制列车运行速度的关键因素,对车辆通过32 m跨度抢修梁限速120 km · h-1。
图20给出了车辆以不同速度通过抢修梁时的竖向振动加速度及横向振动加速度。从图20可以看出,随着车辆速度的提高,车体竖向振动加速度先增大后降低,在140 km · h-1时达到峰值,其中重型桁架抢修梁对车体竖向振动加速度的控制较优。随着车辆速度的提高,车体横向振动加速度不断增大,但抢修梁的桁架配置类型对车体横向振动加速度影响较小。
对比图17和图20可以发现,车体振动加速度响应小于抢修梁的振动加速度响应,并且车体竖向振动加速度减小幅度较横向振动加速度减小幅度更大。车体和抢修梁振动加速度的频域响应同样反映出这一规律,图21给出了车辆以140 km · h-1通过抢修梁时,车辆振动加速度响应及抢修梁振动加速度响应的频域曲线。从图21可以看出,抢修梁振动加速度响应的频域幅值明显大于车体频域幅值,出现这一现象的原因,是车辆悬挂系统减振装置发挥了减振缓冲作用。
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