The wall-climbing robot completes the sealing detection of large pressure vessels by tracking weld seams. There are mainly two types of weld seams on pressure vessels: linear and T-shaped. Traditional methods of weld seam identification can accurately identify weld seams in normal environments. However, weld seams on pressure vessels exposed to air for a long time will produce a lot of interference information. Due to issues such as corrosion and rust spots in original weld seam images, traditional methods have difficulty in accurate identification. A weld seam recognition method based on line-by-line scanning is proposed. After preprocessing steps such as grayscale stretching, binarization, filtering, and morphological processing, edge detection is performed using the Canny algorithm combined with correction techniques. The method uses line-by-line scanning to extract the centerline through midpoint acquisition, allowing the detection robot to accurately identify weld seams. Real-time detection experiments on weld seams were carried out using a wall-climbing robot equipped with a camera. The experimental results show that this method can help the robot stably and reliably complete the identification of weld seams on large pressure vessels.
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