Grain boundary diffusion of heavy rare earth elements constitutes a pivotal technique for augmenting the coercivity in sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnets. Notwithstanding, the application of electric field-assisted technology in this realm remains relatively scant. The present study selects commercial-grade N48M sintered neodymium-iron-boron magnets (with a remanence Br=14.01 kGs and a coercivity Hcj=14.35 kOe) as the object of investigation, coating the magnet surface with a metallic dysprosium (Dy) film by the physical vapor deposition method, accounting for a 0.3% increment in the magnet's weight, followed by a vacuum heat treatment at 910 ℃ for 8 hours to facilitate grain boundary diffusion. During the heat treatment, the experimental group was applied a direct current with a current density of 20.8 A⋅cm-2 perpendicular to the Dy-coated surface, while the control group was subjected to conventional diffusion without the application of an electric field. The results show that the residual magnetism and coercivity of the experimental group were 12.89 kGs and 18.39 kOe, respectively, while those of the control group were 13.12 kGs and 17.82 kOe, respectively. The results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) indicate that, compared to the control group, the Dy atoms in the experimental group have diffused more deeply and have a smaller average particle size, which is the main reason for the superior coercivity of the experimental group. The research findings indicate that electric field-assisted grain boundary diffusion is a viable technological approach to enhancing the coercivity of sintered NdFeB magnets, which is of significant importance for further optimizing the performance of NdFeB magnets.
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