This review highlights the latest advancements in zero-valent iron (ZVI) technology for treating antibiotic wastewater. The significant production and use of antibiotics have raised concerns about their safe disposal. While traditional wastewater treatment methods are effective, the resulting effluent can still be toxic. In contrast, ZVI technology is both cost-effective and highly reactive, making it a promising option for treatment. However, its practical application is often hindered by issues of passivation and aggregation, which reduce its effectiveness. To improve the treatment efficiency of ZVI technology, researchers have explored various enhancement methods, such as modifying the materials, adding oxidants, and applying external fields. This article provides a detailed overview of these enhancement techniques and discusses potential future research directions for ZVI technology.
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