三阴性乳腺癌及其影像学表现的研究进展
Research progress of triple negative breast cancer and its imaging findings
三阴性乳腺癌(Triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)是一种高异质性、高侵袭性、疗效及预后不佳的特殊乳腺癌亚型,其雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体-2均为阴性。早期诊断和精准评估对该肿瘤的治疗有重要临床价值。目前临床上采用X线摄影及超声检查进行乳腺癌筛查更为多见,而磁共振成像技术(Magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)因其软组织分辨力高,且具有无创、无辐射等独特优点,逐渐成为一种可靠的用于发现和诊断乳腺疾病的影像检查方法。本文结合近年来国内外研究文献,通过多种影像学技术在TNBC诊断中的应用进行综述。文献复习结果表明,多模态MRI可以展现X线和超声难以发现的TNBC患者所特有的恶性征象,如边缘光滑、T2WI中央高信号、ADC值低及环形强化等,从而提高诊断准确性,能对TNBC的早期发现、诊断、术前评估和新辅助治疗疗效监测提供可靠的影像学依据,是目前诊断TNBC较为重要的一种影像学技术。
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) is a special subtype of breast cancer with high heterogeneity, high invasiveness, poor efficacy and prognosis. Its estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 are all negative. Early diagnosis and accurate evaluation is important clinically for the treatment of this tumor. At present, X-ray photography and ultrasonography are more common in clinical screening for breast cancer. But magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gradually become a reliable imaging method for the detection and diagnosis of breast diseases due to its high soft tissue resolution, non-invasive and non-radiative advantages. Based on the research literature at home and abroad in recent years, this paper reviews the application of various imaging techniques in the diagnosis of TNBC. The results of literature review show that multimodal MRI can show the unique malignant signs of TNBC patients that are difficult to be detected by X-ray and ultrasound, such as smooth edges, central high signal on T2WI, low ADC value and ring enhancement, so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy. It can provide a reliable imaging basis for the early detection, diagnosis, preoperative evaluation and monitoring of neoadjuvant therapy of TNBC. It is an important imaging technique for the diagnosis of TNBC.
乳腺癌亚型 / 三阴性乳腺癌 / 医学影像学 / 磁共振 / 乳腺X线摄影 / 超声影像
Subtype of breast cancer / Triple negative breast cancer / Medical imaging / Magnetic resonance / Mammography / Ultrasound imaging
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