基于地理探测器和GWR的中国服务业人口分布及影响因素
Research on the Population Distribution and Influencing Factors in the Service Industry in China Based on Geodetector and Geographically Weighted Regression
厘清服务业人口的空间分布格局,对加快现代服务业体系建设、推动经济高质量发展具有重要意义.基于第七次全国人口普查分县数据,综合运用空间自相关、冷热点分析、地理探测器和地理加权回归(GWR)模型等方法,系统研究中国服务业人口的空间分布特征及其影响因素.研究发现:1) 服务业人口呈现显著的空间集聚特征,在京津冀、长三角和珠三角城市群形成高密度集聚区;2) 房价、人才和教育资源是影响服务业人口分布的核心因素,且存在显著的双因子增强和非线性增强等交互效应,揭示出居住成本溢价、创新要素集聚、教育资源配置是对服务业人口空间布局的关键影响因素;3) 各驱动因素的影响强度呈现明显的空间异质性,其中房价的影响在成渝地区最突出,人才集聚的影响在东南沿海最显著.本研究为制定差异化的区域发展政策提供科学依据,建议重点从产业结构升级、人力资本培育和数字技术融合等方面优化服务业人口空间布局.
Clarifying the spatial distribution pattern of the population engaged in the service industry is of great significance for accelerating the construction of a modern service industry system and promoting high-quality economic development. Based on the county-level data from the seventh national census, this study systematically investigates the spatial distribution characteristics of the population engaged in the service industry and its influencing factors by comprehensively applying methods such as spatial autocorrelation, hot and cold spot analysis, geodetector, and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. The findings are as follows: 1) The population engaged in the service industry shows a significant spatial agglomeration feature, forming high-density agglomeration areas in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations. 2) Housing prices, talent, and educational resources are the core factors influencing the distribution of the population engaged in the service industry, and there exist significant interaction effects such as double-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement, revealing the key impacts of residential cost premiums, innovation factor agglomeration, and educational resource allocation on the spatial layout of the population engaged in the service industry. 3) The influence intensity of each driving factor shows obvious spatial heterogeneity, with housing prices having the strongest impact in the Chengdu-Chongqing region and talent agglomeration having the most prominent impact in the southeast coastal areas. This study provides a scientific basis for formulating differentiated regional development policies and suggests focusing on optimizing the spatial layout of the population engaged in the service industry from aspects such as industrial structure upgrading, human capital cultivation, and digital technology integration.
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国家社科基金一般项目(21BRK033)
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