礼仪实践:儒家医疗决策的起点与落点
Etiquette practice: the starting point and landing point of Confucian medical decision-making
医疗不仅关乎个人生老病死,也是一种撕裂家庭既有关系的否定性力量。与西方原则主义生命伦理学相比,儒家生命伦理学强调在医疗实践中要以美德为基础,以家庭为本位,以礼仪实践为引导,为患者的医疗保健作出最适当的决策。作为道德实践学说,礼仪实践为儒家思想的道德追求确立了适当的起点和落点,并在家庭医疗决策、知情同意、应对死亡等方面体现为家庭共同决策的过程。剖析儒家生命伦理学的本质,厘清礼仪和原则之间的交互关系,是儒家传统解决当下医疗实践问题的重要前提。
Medical care is not only related to individual life, aging, illness, and death, but also a negative force that tears apart existing family relationships. Compared with Western principled bioethics, Confucian bioethics emphasizes that in medical practice should be based on virtues, centered on the family, and guided by etiquette practices to make the most appropriate decisions for patients’ healthcare. As a moral practice theory, etiquette practice has established an appropriate starting point and landing point for the moral pursuit of Confucianism, as well as is reflected in the process of family joint decision-making in aspects such as family medical decision-making, informed consent, and coping with death. There are important prerequisites for the Confucian tradition to address current medical practice issues, which involve analyzing the essence of Confucian bioethics and clarifying the interactive relationship between etiquette and principles.
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