住培教学中开展超药品说明书用药的伦理法律教学探索
Exploring ethical and legal education in the off-label drugs use during residency training
超药品说明书用药是临床医疗常见行为,具有医学伦理正当性的同时又带有伦理困惑,也潜藏着医学与法律风险,恰当的超药品说明书用药,能够缓解患者病痛,反之危及患者安全。新《医师法》确立了超药品说明书用药的法律规范,但住培医师在本科阶段所学的医学伦理学与卫生法学知识均为基础性知识和一般性原理,而关于超药品说明书用药的法律与伦理知识是不够的。针对住培医师进行的超药品说明书用药伦理法律问题开展的问卷调查发现,住培医师亟需超药品说明书用药方面的伦理法律知识学习及临床应用教学培训。因此在住院医师规范化培训中增加了超药品说明书用药的伦理法律教学,核心是围绕超药品说明书用药的六大伦理法律原则进行理论讲授并借鉴“诊所式法律教学”模式进行实践教学,以提高住培医师超药品说明书用药的临床胜任力,为今后在住培阶段开展超药品说明书用药的伦理法律教学探索了一种方法。
The off-label drugs use is a common practice in clinical medicine, which has both medical ethical legitimacy and ethical confusion, as well as hidden medical and legal risks. Appropriate the off-label drugs use can alleviate patients’ pain, otherwise endangering their safety. The new Physician Law establishes legal norms for the off-label drugs use. The medical ethics and health law knowledge learned by resident physicians during their undergraduate studies all are basic knowledge and general principles, while the legal and ethical knowledge about the off-label drugs use is insufficient. A questionnaire survey on the ethical and legal issues of the off-label drugs use for resident physicians found that resident physicians urgently need to learn ethical and legal knowledge, as well as receive clinical application teaching and training in the aspect of the off-label drugs use. Therefore, in the standardized training of resident physicians, ethical and legal education on the off-label drugs use has been added. The core of this training is to conduct theoretical lectures focusing on the six ethical and legal principles of the off-label drugs use, as well as providing practical teaching drawing on the “clinic-style legal teaching” model. This paper explored a method for conducting ethical and legal education on the off-label drugs use in the future during the resident training stage.
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