AI医疗之“术”与“道”:基于道家思想的伦理反思
The “Shu” and “Dao” of AI in healthcare: the ethical reflections based on Taoist thought
以“人工智能+”为代表的行业发展充分体现了数字经济时代的新要求,AI医疗已经成为医疗行业创新的重要驱动力。AI医疗代表了医学之“术”的精进,然而人工智能所引发的一系列“道”的伦理问题,在医疗行业也未能幸免。基于道家思想视角对人工智能带来的伦理问题进行审视,发现人工智能在医学中的过度应用可能会导致人的主体性丧失,而技术的过度干预也会对自然生命过程构成潜在风险,同时引发数据隐私与信息安全问题。立足道家思想进行反思,提示全社会特别是医疗机构在使用AI医疗的过程中应当避免过度干预,审慎应用技术,保护隐私尊严,强调人文关怀,关注社会公正,才能让人工智能更好地为人所用。
The development of the industry represented by “artificial intelligence (AI) +” fully reflects the new requirements of the digital economy era, and AI in healthcare has become a key driving force for innovation in the healthcare industry. AI in healthcare represents the refinement of the “Shu” of medicine. However, a series of ethical issues related to “Dao” raised by AI have not been spared in the healthcare industry. An examination of the ethical issues posed by AI based on the perspective of Chinese Taoist thought found that the excessive application of AI in medicine can lead to the loss of human subjectivity, and the excessive technological intervention can also pose potential risks to the natural life process while raising the issues of data privacy and information security. Based on Taoist thought and reflecting on it, it is suggested that the whole society, especially healthcare institutions, should avoid excessive intervention, apply technology cautiously, protect privacy and dignity, emphasize humanistic care, and pay attention to social justice in the process of using AI in healthcare so that AI can be better used by human beings.
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