基因编辑何以“趋吉避凶”——《周易》天道思想下人类基因编辑“趋利避害”的伦理考量
王玉珏 , 张洪雷 , 王小丁
中国医学伦理学 ›› 2025, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2) : 214 -219.
基因编辑何以“趋吉避凶”——《周易》天道思想下人类基因编辑“趋利避害”的伦理考量
How gene editing can “pursue good fortune and avoid disaster”: an ethical consideration of human gene editing for “seeking benefits and avoiding harm” under the thought of the way of heaven in the Book of Changes
天道思想是《周易》的思想核心,是为实现人事的“趋吉避凶”或技术的“趋利避害”,其蕴含的“生生”“至诚”“欲望得正”等价值取向,为人类基因编辑技术提供了“趋利避害”的伦理考量。其中,“生生”思想从人类繁衍与个人身心两个层面,肯定了基因编辑技术对人类繁衍、诊疗或预防疾病及残疾的潜在价值,且对技术风险持谨慎态度;“至诚”思想提倡基因编辑在遵循客观规律下研究应用;“欲望得正”则对人类基因编辑中的人性欲望问题提出规范;天道思想则就后代自主权问题,为父母出于后代身心健康发展而对后代实施基因编辑提供一定的伦理支持。总而言之,应用《周易》天道思想希望人类基因编辑技术能够造福人类,使其拥有更加广阔的前景与更加美好的未来。
The thought of the way of heaven is the core philosophy of the Book of Changes, aiming to achieve the “pursuing good fortune and avoiding disaster” of human affairs or “seeking benefits and avoiding harm” in technology. The embedded value orientations, such as “continuous life”, “utmost sincerity”, and “correct desire”, provide ethical considerations for “seeking benefits and avoiding harm” in human gene editing technology. Among them, the thought of “continuous life” affirms the potential value of gene editing technology for human reproduction, diagnosis and treatment, or prevention of diseases and disabilities from two aspects of human reproduction and individual body and mind, while adopting a cautious attitude towards the risks of technology. The thought of “utmost sincerity” advocates that gene editing should be studied and applied following objective laws. The thought of “correct desire” puts forward the norm of human desire in human gene editing. In terms of the issue of offspring autonomy, the thought of the way of heaven provides some ethical support for parents to implement gene editing for their offspring for the sake of the offspring’s physical and mental development. In conclusion, the application of the thought of the way of heaven in the Book of Changes hopes that human gene editing technology will benefit mankind and provide it with broader prospects and a better future.
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江苏省中医药科技发展计划项目“新媒体时代中医药文化传播研究”(MS2022010)
江苏省学位与研究生教育教学改革课题“习近平中医药发展重要论述融入《新时代中国特色社会主义理论与实践》课程教学模式研究”(JGKT23_C037)
2024年江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目“《周易》视角下‘人类基因编辑’伦理风险研究”(KYCX24_2097)
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