基于土地利用变化的徽州地区景观生态风险评价及驱动因素分析
张龑 , 储金龙 , 李久林 , 胡大卫
内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (01) : 27 -36.
基于土地利用变化的徽州地区景观生态风险评价及驱动因素分析
Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment and Driving Factor Analysis for Huizhou Area Based on Land Use Change
徽州地区作为传统村落最集中的地区之一,频繁旅游开发导致景观生态风险发生波动,通过评价其景观生态风险有助于指导区域高质量发展。选取1990年、2000年、2010年、2020年土地利用数据,构建景观生态风险评价模型揭示其景观生态风险时空分异特征,采用地理探测器分析各驱动因素对景观生态风险的影响。研究结果表明:(1)徽州地区的土地利用类型以林地为主,研究期内耕地、林地面积减少,建设用地面积持续增加;(2)景观类型空间分布趋于复杂和分散,破碎化加剧;(3)较高风险区和高风险区有明显扩张现象,景观生态风险整体呈现增长趋势,风险质心总体较为集中;(4)四期景观生态风险呈正相关关系,在空间上的聚集效应逐渐减弱,与景观生态风险空间分布变化具有趋同特征;(5)景观生态风险的主要驱动因素为坡度,因子交互作用对景观生态风险的解释力强于单因子作用。
Huizhou area is one of the areas with the most concentrated traditional villages, facing fluctuations in landscape ecological risk due to frequent tourism development activities. Assessing its landscape ecological risk can help guide regional high-quality development. With the use of land use data of 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper reveals the spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape ecological risk by constructing a landscape ecological risk assessment model. In addition, it analyzes the effects of each driving factor on landscape ecological risk by employing a geodetector. The followings are obtained from the research. (1) The main land use type in the Huizhou area is woodland. In the four periods, cultivated land and woodland were reduced in area, while construction land had a continuously increased area. (2) Landscape types tended to be complicated and scattered in space, with fragmentation increasing. (3) High- and very-high-risk areas expanded significantly. Overall, landscape ecological risk showed an increasing trend, and risk centroids were relatively concentrated. (4) The landscape ecological risks of the four periods had positive correlations. The spatial aggregation effect was gradually reduced, which was consistent with the spatial distribution variation of landscape ecological risk. (5) The main driving factor of landscape ecological risk is slope. Factor interactions can better explain landscape ecological risk than single factors.
土地利用 / 景观格局 / 生态风险 / 地理探测器 / 徽州地区
land use / landscape pattern / ecological risk / geodetector / Huizhou area
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