This paper simulates collision events on the large hadron collider (LHC) by the Monte Carlo method under the conditions of integrated luminosity of 300 fb-1 and =14 TeV. Further, it analyzes the production and decay process (pp→H→hh→τ+τ-τ+τ-) of the heavy-neutral Higgs boson(H) predicted by the two-Higgs-doublet model and finds that the final state is l±vvl±vvτjτj (l=e,µ) signal. This illustrates the high probability of discovering a 4τ signal at the LHC when the requirements of past experiments and theories are met.
为进一步区分信号和背景,根据信号特征在模拟事例中重建了h、H玻色子的不变质量(Mh、MH)以及末态所有可见粒子的横向动量和(HT)。利用这些观测量可以直接观察信号和背景的运动学分布,以便于添加和判断信号区间的范围。此外,本文还利用BDTG(boosted decision trees with gradient boosting)机器学习方法通过训练决策树,根据特征对信号和背景进行更有效的分离。以下分析中以BP8为例进行观测量的重建。
本文还使用了基于ROOT分析框架的TMVA(toolkit for multivariate data analysis)软件包,应用BDTG这种多变量分析技术,多变量分析提供了强有力的信噪区分的能力。在预处理的基础上,首先对于以上重建的Mh、MH、HT等观测量添加动力学截断减少背景事例数,然后再进行BDTG模型的训练和测试过程。在训练模型之前,应该对数据进行异常值处理,这有助于防止异常值对BDTG模型训练的影响。在经过所有观测量的相关性分析后,得到8个相关性不大的观测量,分别为动力学变量HT、、,角变量、、、、。将8个观测量输入BDTG模型,得到TMVA的输出,如图5所示,可见信号和背景之间有非常明显的分离。
AAD G, ABAJYANT, ABBOTTB, et al. Observation of a new particle in the search for the standard model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC[J]. Physics Letters B,2012,716(1): 1-29.
[2]
CHATRCHYANS, KHACHATRYANV, SIRUNYANA M, et al. Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC[J]. Physics Letters B, 2012,716(1): 30-61.
[3]
AAD G, ABBOTTB, ABDALLAHJ, et al. Combined measurement of the Higgs boson mass in p-p collisions at s =7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS and CMS experiments[J]. Physical Review Letters,2015,114(19):191803.
[4]
TUMASYANA. A portrait of the Higgs boson by the CMS experiment ten years after the discovery[J]. Nature, 2022,607(7917):60-68.
[5]
AAD G. A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery[J]. Nature,2022,607(7917):52-59.
[6]
GROSSMANY. Phenomenology of models with more than two higgs doublets[J]. Nuclear Physics B, 1994,426(2): 355-384.
[7]
SIRUNYANA M. Search for Higgs boson pair production in events with two bottom quarks and two tau leptons in proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV[J]. Physics Letters B,2018,778:101-127.
[8]
SIRUNYANA M. Search for an exotic decay of the Higgs boson to a pair of light pseudoscalars in the final state with two b quarks and two τleptons in proton-proton collisions at s =13 TeV[J]. Physics Letters B, 2018,785:462.
[9]
LISSA, NIELSENJ. Physics at a high-luminosity LHC with ATLAS[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv,2013:1307.7292.
[10]
CHATRCHYANS. Search for a non-standard-model Higgs boson decaying to a pair of new light bosons in four-muon final states[J]. Physics Letters B, 2013,726:564-586.
[11]
AABOUDM, KUPCOA, DAVISONP,et al. Search for Higgs boson decays to beyond-the-standard-model light bosons in four-lepton events with the ATLAS detector at s =13 TeV[J]. Journal of High Energy Physics,2018(6):166.
[12]
CollabroationCMS. Projected Performance of an upgraded CMS detector at the LHC and HL-LHC: Contribution to the snowmass process[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv,2013:1307.7135.
[13]
KHACHATRYANV, SIRUNYANA M, TUMASYANA,et al. Search for light bosons in decays of the 125 GeV Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at s =8 TeV[J]. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2017, 10:076.
[14]
BRANCOG C, FERREIRAP M, LAVOURAL, et al. Theory and phenomenology of two-higgs-doublet models[J]. Physics Reports, 2012,516(1-2):1-10.
[15]
AKEROYDA G. Fermiophobic and other non-minimal neutral Higgs bosons at the LHC[J]. Journal of Physics G Nuclear & Particle Physics, 1998,24:11.
AMHISY, BANERJEES, BEN-HAIME, et al. Averages of b-hadron, c-hadron, and τ-lepton properties as of summer 2016[J]. The European Physical Journal C, 2017,77(12):1-6.
[18]
AAIJR, ADEVAB, ADINOLFIM, et al. Measurement of the B s 0 →μ+μ-branching fraction and effective lifetime and search for B0→μ+μ-decays[J]. Physical Review Letters,2017, 118(19): 191801.