Based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and potential flow theory, this paper investigates the free vibration characteristics of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) beams in fluid. The fluid velocity potential and hydrodynamic loads are determined by adopting the method of separation of variables. Additionally, combined with Hamilton's principle, the equations of motion are derived, and the multi-domain generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method is employed for a discrete solution to calculate the natural frequency of the beam in the air and fluid. A parametric study is conducted to analyze the effects of parameters such as the aspect ratio, boundary conditions, CNT distribution patterns, and fluid density on the vibration characteristics.
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