白鹭和池鹭卵壳的显微结构比较
侯森林 , 王昕怡 , 柴炅 , 黄保健 , 石静 , 廖谢茗
内蒙古师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (04) : 395 -399.
白鹭和池鹭卵壳的显微结构比较
Microstructure Comparison of Egretta garzetta and Ardeola bacchus Eggshells
鸟类卵壳是物质交换和保护内部组织的重要结构,其结构特征会因物种的不同而产生差异。选取白鹭(Egretta garzetta)和池鹭(Ardeola bacchus)的卵作为研究对象,利用扫描电镜比较2种鹭科鸟类卵壳的赤道端、钝端和尖端3个区域的卵壳及壳膜的显微结构特征。结果表明:(1)卵壳的尖端、赤道端和钝端3个区域的气孔形态特点以及气孔长径,可为白鹭和池鹭的鉴定提供依据;(2)卵壳不同部位的壳膜纤维密度、粗细、芽状突起密度等特征可初判二者,卵壳赤道端区域的壳膜纤维直径可为白鹭和池鹭的鉴定提供依据;(3)卵壳3个区域的卵壳厚度、卵壳壳膜厚度可为白鹭和池鹭的鉴定提供依据。综上,不同鸟类卵壳的显微特征存在一定的差异,可为卵壳所属鸟类的鉴别提供依据。
Avian eggshells are vital structures for material exchanges and internal tissue protection, and their structural characteristics differ across species. Eggs of Egretta garzetta and Ardeola bacchus were selected as the research objects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted to compare the microstructural characteristics of eggshells and shell membranes at three zones (the equator, blunt end, and sharp end) of the two ardeid birds. The results showed that the morphological characteristics and long diameters of pores at the sharp end, equator, and blunt end of eggshells could provide an identification basis for identifying E. garzetta and A. bacchus. Characteristics including fiber density, fiber thickness, and bud-like protuberance density of shell membranes at different eggshell positions enabled preliminary discrimination between the two species, and the fiber diameter of shell membranes at the equatorial zone of eggshells provided a reference for identifying the two species. Additionally, the thicknesses of the eggshell and shell membrane at the three zones could provide a basis for identifying E. garzetta and A. bacchus. The results indicated that distinct microstructural differences were detected in eggshells of different bird species, and could provide a basis for the identification of bird species that the eggshells belonged to.
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