2022年山东春、夏季旱涝转折成因分析
Mechanism of Drought-Flood Turning between Spring and Summer in 2022 in Shandong Province
基于NCEP再分析资料和山东省122个国家地面观测站数据,对2022年山东春、夏季降水异常特征及旱涝转折成因进行研究。结果表明:2022年4—5月山东省平均降水量为1951年以来同期最少;6—7月降水量为同期最多。拉尼娜衰减年山东春季降水偏少概率大,夏季降水偏多概率大,拉尼娜事件是2022年山东春、夏季降水异常的背景。春季海温异常为4—5月东北冷涡活跃提供了背景条件,东北冷涡活跃造成的异常气旋性环流,叠加南海地区异常气旋性环流,其西侧为异常偏北气流,导致4—5月山东降水异常偏少。夏季环流发生调整,西太平洋副热带高压(简称“副高”)强度由偏弱转为偏强。夏季主要降水过程多是由于副高阶段性北抬,副高边缘的暖湿气流同北方冷空气相互作用导致。2022年春、夏季降水异常,并且由极旱转为极涝,主要是气候异常背景叠加天气尺度过程造成的。
Based on NCEP reanalysis data and data from 122 national ground-based stations in Shandong Province, this paper investigates the precipitation anomalies and the causes of the drought-flood transition in Shandong during the spring and summer of 2022. From April to May 2022, the average precipitation in Shandong Province was 20.9 mm, the lowest for the same period since 1951. In contrast, precipitation from June to July reached 464.9 mm, the highest recorded for this period. The probability of reduced precipitation in spring and increased precipitation in summer was higher in Shandong during the La Niña decaying year, indicating that the La Niña event provided the background for the abnormal precipitation in Shandong during spring and summer 2022.The re-development of the La Niña event in spring, along with the Atlantic sea surface temperature anomaly, created the conditions for the active Northeast Cold Vortex (NECV) in April and May. The abnormal cyclonic circulation caused by the NECV, combined with the cyclonic circulation over the South China Sea, resulted in anomalous northerly airflow on the western flank, leading to significantly reduced precipitation in Shandong during April and May.In summer, the intensity of the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) shifted from weak to strong. The primary precipitation processes in summer were driven by the interaction between the warm, moist airflow along the edge of the WPSH and the cold air from the north, occurring during the staged northward shifts of the WPSH. The synoptic-scale processes, superimposed on the abnormal climatic background, led to the precipitation anomalies observed in spring and summer, as well as the transition from drought to flooding between the two seasons in Shandong in 2022.
山东春、夏季降水异常 / 旱涝转折 / 拉尼娜 / 东北冷涡 / 西太平洋副热带高压
abnormal precipitation in Shandong in spring and summer / drought-flood transition / La Niña / Northeast Cold Vortex / Western Pacific Subtropical High
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国家自然科学基金(41705025)
山东省气象局重点项目(2023sdqxz15)
山东省气象局重点科研项目(2022sdqxz11)
山东省气象局重大天气过程专项(SDTQ2022-02)
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