多源气象资料的森林火灾监测与机理分析
Monitoring and Mechanism Analysis of Forest Fires Using Multi-source Meteorological Data
2019年3月31日18时四川省凉山州木里县雅砻江镇立尔村的森林火灾因突发山火导致林火爆燃,通过分析天气背景、卫星云图、地面观测、风矢—位温(V-3)图、卫星遥感甲烷含量的垂直分布以及ERA5资料的垂直气流等特征,探索产生森林大火和爆燃的机制。结果表明:林火区域前期没有云和降水;大气垂直结构显示中层以下有热力不稳定;Aqua卫星AIRS的甲烷垂直分布可监测地球排气现象,31日甲烷柱含量的增加为爆燃提供了条件。逐小时ERA5资料显示火灾发生前后有明显的垂直升降气流,印证了31日18时的爆燃与地下喷发相关。
A forest fire broke out in Lier Village, Yalongjiang Town, Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province at 18:00 on March 31, 2019,tragically resulting in the deaths of 31 firefighters. Taking this event as an example, this study discusses the monitoring and mechanisms of forest fires using multi-source meteorological data from atmospheric detection and remote sensing. The weather background, satellite cloud images, ground observations, wind vector potential temperature (V-3θ) plots, vertical methane distribution from satellite remote sensing, and vertical airflow from ERA5 data are analyzed. The results indicate that there were no thunderstorm in the early stage of the fire area; The vertical structure of the atmosphere shows significant thermal instability below the middle layer; The methane vertical profile of AIRS can monitor the Earth's exhaust phenomenon, and the increase in methane column content on March 31 provided conditions for detonation. The hourly ERA5 data shows significant vertical upward and downward airflow before and after the fire, confirmed the connection between the explosion at 18:00 on March 31 and the underground eruption.This study explores the changes in meteorological environment, atmospheric structure, and methane content from the interdisciplinary perspective of atmosphere and geology, revealing the relationship between wildfire explosions and Earth emissions, and providing a basis for scientific decision-making in fire prevention and disaster reduction.
森林大火 / 大气探测 / 大气遥感 / 地下排气 / 甲烷
forest fire / atmospheric sounding and observing / atmospheric remote sensing / underground exhaust / methane
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国家自然科学基金项目(41675029)
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