Chinese cabbage soft rot, caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum(Pcc), is one of the three major diseases threatening Chinese cabbage in yield and quality. In order to screen out efficient control ingredients and provide reliable data supporting the control of bacterial soft rot in Chinese cabbage using plant-derived active compounds, in this study, antibacterial activities of d-limonene, eugenol, and carvacrol were compared through inhibition zone assays and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) assays. Furthermore, their control efficacy was evaluated through in vitro tissue experiments and pot experiments. The results of the antibacterial assays demonstrated that carvacrol exhibited significantly stronger antibacterial activity than eugenol and d-limonene, with an inhibition zone diameter of 20.63 mm and an MIC value of 0.125 0 mg/mL. In vitro tissue experiments demonstrated that carvacrol achieved preventive and therapeutic effects of 72.65% and 73.61% at the mass concentration of 100 µg/mL, which were significantly higher than those of eugenol(preventive: 49.13%; therapeutic: 50.36%) and d-limonene(preventive: 15.58%; therapeutic: 16.10%). The results of pot experiments were consistent with that in vitro experiment, the preventive and therapeutic effects of carvacrol were significantly higher than those of eugenol and d-limonene. However, the therapeutic effect of carvacrol(76.25%) markedly exceeded its preventive effect(38.99%), which may be attributed to carvacrol's inherent volatility. To address this, microencapsulated suspensions or similar formulations of carvacrol were recommend to reduce volatilization loss and apply quickly after the onset of Chinese cabbage soft rot for achieving better control effect. In conclusion, compared to eugenol and d-limonene, carvacrol not only displayed significant antibacterial activity against Pcc but also enhanced preventive and therapeutic effect in managing Chinese cabbage soft rot.
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