羊粪提前施用对饲用油菜及后茬烤烟的影响
宋艳丹 , 李鹏 , 吴照辉 , 王孟孟 , 徐文正 , 刘巧真 , 韩会阁 , 张睿 , 胡梦梦 , 郭芳阳 , 陈广晴
山西农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (05) : 123 -130.
羊粪提前施用对饲用油菜及后茬烤烟的影响
Effects of Early Application of Sheep Manure on Forage Rape and Subsequent Flue-Cured Tobacco
为了改良土壤环境、提高烟叶产质量,采用大田试验,设置种植油菜并施用羊粪量3.0(低施)、4.5(中施)、6.0(高施)t/hm2等3个处理,同时设置种植油菜不施羊粪和不种油菜施用羊粪3.0 t/hm2 2个对照,分析不同处理对饲用油菜及后茬烤烟的影响。结果表明,施用羊粪可以显著提高饲用油菜的干物质积累量;可以明显提升烤烟团棵期和现蕾期长势,其中现蕾期高施羊粪处理的烤烟株高较不施羊粪增加了89.35%。与不施羊粪对照相比,中施和高施羊粪处理显著增加了现蕾期烤烟根长、根表面积和根体积,不种油菜对照的根体积增加最为明显;施用羊粪处理烟叶的产量、产值、上等烟比例和均价较不施羊粪和不种油菜对照均显著提升,中施羊粪处理的烟叶产值、上等烟比例和均价分别比不施羊粪对照提高了26.92%、53.51%、15.09%。施用羊粪处理改善了烤后烟叶的外观质量,提升了感官质量。冬闲烟田种植油菜并提前施用羊粪,可显著提高油菜产量,促进后茬烤烟生长发育、提升烟叶品质、增加经济效益,其中,施用4.5 t/hm2羊粪量效果最好。
In order to improve the soil environment and enhance the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, in this study, using field test, three treatment and two controls were set, the three treatments involved planting rape with different amounts of sheep manure(3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 t/ha, respectively recorded as low, medium, and high sheep manure treatment), the two controls involved planting rape without sheep manure and no planting rape but applying sheep manure(3.0 t/ha) (recorded as no sheep manure, no rape treatment), the effects of different treatments on forage rape and subsequent flue-cured tobacco were analyzed. The results showed that the accumulation of dry material of forage rape was increased significantly by applying sheep manure, the application of sheep manure could significantly increase the growth of flue-cured tobacco at both the resettling and squaring stages, and the height of the flue-cured tobacco treated with high sheep manure at the squaring stage increased by 89.35% than that of the flue-cured tobacco treated with no sheep manure. Compared with the treatment of no sheep manure, the treatments of medium and high sheep manure significantly increased the root length, root surface area, and root volume of flue-cured tobacco at the squaring stage. The treatment of no forage rape showed the most obvious increase in root volume.The yield, output value, proportion of superior tobacoo and average price of flue-cured tobacco increased significantly compared with the treatments of no sheep manure and no rape. The output value, proportion of superior tobacco, and average price of flue-cured tobacco increased by 26.92%,53.51%, and 15.09% respectively compared with the treatments of no sheep manure. Application of sheep manure improved the appearance quality and sensory quality.Planting forage rape and early application of sheep manure in winter tobacco fields could significantly improve the yield of forage rape, promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, enhance the quality of tobacco leaves, and increase the economic benefits. Among the treatments, the application of 4.5 t/ha of sheep manure had the best effect.
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中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(2022410000240017)
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2025ZC95)
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