To elucidate the effects of different degradable film coverage treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation in sunflower during flowering, in this study, a sunflower variety Sanrui 10 was employed as the experimental material, six treatments were established: Lanzhou degradable black film coverage(LX), Jilin degradable black film coverage(JL), Xing'an League degradable black film coverage(XAM), Suzhou degradable black film coverage(SZ), Shanghai degradable black film coverage(SH), and conventional black film coverage(CK), and the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, light response curves, and dry matter accumulation in sunflower during flowering under different film coverage treatments were analyzed. The results indicated that, except for the SH treatment exhibiting a double-peak pattern in net photosynthetic rate, all other degradable film treatments and the CK showed a single-peak pattern, peaking at 13:00. Transpiration rates and stomatal conductance of sunflower leaves under all treatments followed a single-peak pattern, while intercellular CO₂ concentration exhibited a diurnal trend of initial decrease followed by increase. Photoresponse curves for all treatments exhibited good fit with R² values exceeding 0.99. The maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax) of the XAM and SH treatments was the highest, both at 65.00 µmol/(m2·s), followed by the LX treatment, and the SZ treatment was the lowest. The CK and LX treatments exhibited higher total dry matter accumulation, at 406.18 and 382.58 g/plant respectively. Concurrently, the SH treatment yielded the highest harvest at 4 259.29 kg/ka, followed by the LX treatment. In summary, both SH and LX treatments represented the optimal coverage schemes for sunflower cultivation.
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