1.Institute of Plant Protection/State Key Laboratory for Comprehensive Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Key;Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species of Ministry and Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
2.College of Life Sciences/Institute of;Life Science and Green Development,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China
Tuta absoluta is a major threat to tomato production worldwide. To develop a novel nano-controlled-release pesticide for enhanced control of this pest, Chl@PDA NPs were prepared via solution oxidation, in which chlorfenapyr (Chl) was loaded onto polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) as the carrier.. The physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and dynamic light scattering(DLS), while their stability, foliar adhesion, larval gut distribution, and insecticidal activity were systematically evaluated. The results showed that Chl@PDA NPs exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with an average particle size of approximately 160 nm, good dispersibility(PDI<0.3), and a porous structure. The loading content and encapsulation efficiency reached 10.33% and 22.94%, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameter remained relatively stable during storage, indicating excellent dispersion stability. FTIR and XRD analyses revealed that chlorfenapyr was stably loaded on the surface of PDA NPs through π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. Compared with the control, Chl@PDA NPs increased pesticide retention on tomato leaves by approximately 1.5-fold and reduced the contact angle to(55.4± 3.19)°, demonstrating enhanced wettability and adhesion. Moreover, a high residual rate was maintained after six simulated rainfall washings, indicating strong rainfastness. FITC labeling further confirmed that the nanoparticles could uniformly deposit on leaf surfaces and enter the digestive tract of T. absoluta larvae through feeding, enabling efficient pesticide delivery. Indoor toxicity test showed that the LC₅₀ value of Chl@PDA NPs against second-instar larvae was 0.08 μg/mL, significantly lower than that of the 10% of chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate(0.42 μg/mL). These findings demonstrated that PDA NPs could significantly enhance the foliar deposition, bioavailability, and insecticidal efficacy of chlorfenapyr.
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