黄花菜组织培养常见问题及建议
左高雅 , 程宵婧 , 遇洁 , 阴立锦 , 侯非凡 , 邢国明 , 李森
山西农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (02) : 145 -152.
黄花菜组织培养常见问题及建议
Common Issues and Suggestions of Tissue Culture of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni
黄花菜兼具食用价值、观赏价值和药用价值,现今越来越受到人们的广泛关注。长期以来,黄花菜新优品种缺乏、繁殖手段单一,限制了产业健康快速发展。组织培养拥有繁殖系数大、周期较短、不受季节约束、苗整齐度高以及节省育苗用地等优点,因此,利用组培技术快速扩繁对黄花菜的市场开发、应用和推广具有重要意义。旨在为应对黄花菜的组培中出现的各类问题、提高黄花菜组培苗成活率提供一定的参考,为黄花菜遗传转化以及新优品种工厂化育苗提供理论依据,以黄花菜为研究对象,阐述了在组织培养过程中存在的各项内在影响因素,包括植物材料的基因型、选取的外植体类型;以及外在影响因素,包括外植体取材时期、基本培养基类型、植物生长调节剂以及培养条件。结果发现,黄花菜的组织培养体系仍不成熟,存在着外植体及其采集标准的不确定、愈伤组织诱导困难、最优培养基配方不统一、再生植株移栽成活率低等问题。为优化这样的问题,仍需摸索一套适合黄花菜的再生体系,并加强对组培苗的移栽后管理。此外,对组织培养过程中存在的污染、褐化及玻璃化问题作出归纳总结,并对黄花菜组织培养未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
Daylily(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni) had been increasingly widely focus on duo to its exceptional edible, ornamental, and medicinal plant. The lack of new superior cultivars and the single breeding methods have limited the healthy and rapid development of the daylily industry in long time. Tissue culture offers a range of benefits, including a high propagation coefficient, short growth cycle, unrestriction by seasons, uniform seedling quality, and reduced nursery land usage. Therefore, the use of tissue culture technology for rapid expansion is of great significance on its market development, application, and promotion. In this paper, aiming to provide a reference for dealing with various problems in the tissue culture of daylily, improve the survival rate of daylily seedlings, and provide a theoretical basis for the genetic transformation of daylily and the factory breeding for new superior varieties of daylily, daylily was taken as the research object to describe the intrinsic influencing factors in the tissue culture process, including the genotype of plant material and the type of selected explants, and the extrinsic influencing factors, including the period of explant sampling, the type of basic medium, plant growth regulators, and culture conditions. It was found that the tissue culture system for daylily was currently in an immature state, characterized by uncertainties regarding explants and their collection standards, challenges in inducing callus tissue, lack of consistency in optimal culture medium formulations, and low survival rates for transplanted regenerated plants. To address these issues, further exploration is needed to develop a suitable regeneration system for daylily and enhance the management of transplanted tissue-cultured seedlings. Furthermore,the challenges of contamination, browning, and vitrification in tissue culture were outlined in this paper, the future prospects of tissue culture for daylily was also delved into.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600301-2)
山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC122)
2022年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(国家级)(202210113149)
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