To find out the effect of nitrogen(N) application on dry matter accumulation,distribution and N utilization in foxtail millet, in this study, in the northwest semi-arid rainfed agricultural area, the conventional variety Longgu 13 and the hybrid Zhangzagu 13 were used as materials, four nitrogen concentration gradients(Nck: 0 kg/ha, Nlow: 45 kg/ha, Nmedium: 90 kg/ha, Nhigh: 135 kg/ha) were set, The yield,dry matter accumulation,distribution, and nitrogen use efficiency of the two varieties were measured at different levels of nitrogen application. The results showed that the contribution of post-flowering dry matter to the seeds of Longgu 13 under the Nhigh treatment increased by 32.5% than that under Nck, the grain weight per spike increased by 30.0%, the plant height increased by 14.5%, the seed dry matter accumulation increased by 20.5%, and finally the yield increased by 11.1%. The post-flowering dry matter contribution to the seeds of Zhangzagu13 increased by 21.0% than that under Nck, the grain weight per spike increased by 20.7%, the seed dry matter accumulation increased by 21.5%, the final yield increased by 11.6%. Longgu 13 had the highest agronomic efficiency under Nmedium, it was 3.75 kg/kg, and Zhangzagu 13 had the highest efficiency of 9.57 kg/kg under Nlow treatment. Under different nitrogen levels, the yield of Longgu 13 was the highest when the nitrogen application rate was 135 kg/ha, and that of Zhangzagu 13 was the highest when the nitrogen application rate was 90 kg/ha, indicating that hybrid foxtail millet varieties were more tolerant to low nitrogen environment and were an advantageous type of variety in the production of chemical fertilizer reduction.
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