In order to enhance the soil fertility of continuous cropping tobacco fields for years and improve the soil ecological environment, in this study, three crops, including rape, Dongmu 70, and purple sweet potato, were grown during the winter leisure period of tobacco, and no crops planted were taken as the control during winter leisure period. Two treatments of covering green and harvesting were applied. By measuring the content, proportion, and storage of light and heavy fraction organic carbon in different soil layers under different treatments, the effects of harvesting and covering green of the catch crops on light and heavy fraction organic carbon in tobacco field soil were explored. The results showed that the content of the total organic carbon, heavy fraction organic carbon and light fraction organic carbon under the treatments of the different catch crops and returning farmland methods decreased as increase of soil depth. Compared with the control, the treatment of covering green of the catch crops could significantly increase the content of the total organic carbon, heavy fraction organic carbon and light fraction group, especially at the soil layer of Dongmu 70 at 20-40 cm, which increased by 22.3%, 21.98% and 27.78%, respectively. Harvesting of the catch crops reduced the proportion and storage of light fraction organic carbon, while covering green increased the proportion and storage of light fraction organic carbon. Among them, dongmu 70 increased significantly at depths of 0-20 cm, increasing by 18.14% and 40.03%, respectively. Covering green of the catch crops increased soil water content and water holding in tobacco field soil, decreased soil bulk density, and inceased storage of light and heavy fraction organic carbon in soil. In general, the treatment of covering green of had the best effect, it could significantly increase the content of the total organic carbon and light and heavy fraction organic carbon in the soil, followed by rape.
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