黄磷渣复合基质栽培番茄配方的优化
杨加仪 , 范蓉蓉 , 李玲珊 , 王芳 , 冯瑞 , 杨艳梅 , 陈琪 , 梁斌
山西农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (03) : 78 -85.
黄磷渣复合基质栽培番茄配方的优化
Optimization of Tomato Cultivation Formula with Yellow Phosphorus Residue Composite Substrate
为促进黄磷渣废弃物资源的循环利用和节约椰糠基质成本,试验以番茄为材料,通过4因素(粗状磷渣、细状黄磷渣、椰糠、磷石膏)3水平设计L9(34)正交试验,探究不同体积配比组成的复合基质对番茄生长情况的影响,并建立番茄成熟期总生物量(根系+植株+果实)与4因素的多元回归数学模型,筛选出以黄磷渣为主要复合基质种植番茄的最佳配方。结果表明,4种因素的各水平对番茄的总生物量(根系+植株+果实)均有一定显著影响,影响的大小顺序为椰糠>磷石膏>粗状黄磷渣>细状黄磷渣,方差分析和极差分析显示试验误差小、结果具有可靠性;多元回归分析结果显示,最优的基质组合配方是粗状黄磷渣、细状黄磷渣、椰糠和磷石膏的体积占比分别为0.43∶0.27∶0.14∶0.16,在此条件下,番茄总生物量预测值可达到每株1 420 g。黄磷渣基质取材方便、成本低,与椰糠和磷石膏以适宜的比例栽培番茄,可在无土基质栽培中进行推广应用,同时有效解决黄磷渣生态环境风险高的问题。
In order to promote the recycling of yellow phosphorus residue waste resources, and save the cost of coconut bran substrate, In this experiment, tomato was used as the test material, through four factor(coarse yellow phosphorus residue, fine yellow phosphorus residue, coconut bran, phosphogypsum) and three level design L9(34) orthogonal experiment, the effect of composite substrates composed of different volume proportions on tomato growth was explored, and a multiple regression mathematical model of total biomass(root+plant+fruit) and four factors during tomato seedling pulling period was established, and the best formula for planting tomato with yellow phosphorus slag as the main composite substrate was screened out. The results showed that each level of the four factors had a significant impact on the total biomass of tomato(root+plant+fruit), and the order of the impact was coconut bran>phosphogypsum>coarse yellow phosphorus residue>fine yellow phosphorus residue. Variance analysis and range analysis showed that the test error was small and the results were reliable. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the optimal substrate combination formula was coarse yellow phosphorus residue, fine yellow phosphorus residue, coconut bran, and phosphogypsum, with the volume ratios of 0.43, 0.27, 0.14, and 0.16 respectively. Under this condition, the total biomass of tomato could reach 1 420 g per plant. The yellow phosphorus residue substrate is convenient to obtain and low in cost. Cultivation of tomato with the combination of yellow phosphorus residue, coconut bran, and phosphogypsum in a suitable proportion can be popularized and applied in soilless substrate cultivation, and effectively solve the problem of high ecological environment risk of yellow phosphorus residue.
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
焦雪辉,史喜兵,申潇潇. 不同基质配比对6种青冈属植物生长的影响[J]. 山西农业科学,2022,50(4):532-539. |
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
孙杰,卫旭阳. 高架栽培对草莓生长和果实品质的影响[J]. 山西农业科学,2021,49(11):1312-1316. |
| [5] |
|
| [6] |
郭世荣. 无土栽培学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2003. |
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
刘佳,季延海,王宝驹, |
| [9] |
|
| [10] |
孙建磊,吕晓惠,赵西, |
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
熊静. 不同调控措施对基质根区养分累积及番茄生长的影响[D]. 北京:中国农业大学,2017. |
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
仇淑芳,杨乐琦,黄丹枫, |
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
朱国鹏,刘士哲,陈业渊, |
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
华炜辉. 椰糠栽培甜椒技术的优化与推广应用[D]. 福州:福建农林大学,2014. |
| [19] |
|
| [20] |
狄文伟,赵瑞,张婷, |
| [21] |
|
| [22] |
王跃华,张明科,惠麦侠, |
| [23] |
|
| [24] |
刘伟,于红军,姜伟杰. 中国蔬菜生产培养基研究进展及应用综述[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2006(3):4-7. |
| [25] |
|
| [26] |
刘志强,郝梓国,刘恋, |
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
杨恩林,张杰. 黄磷渣制备多孔陶瓷的研究[J]. 中国陶瓷,2008,44(5):35-37. |
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
|
| [32] |
孙成,郑峰伟,任园园, |
| [33] |
|
| [34] |
李甫,沈毅. 贵州省黄磷渣资源化利用研究[J]. 中国非金属矿工业导刊,2007(4):18-20. |
| [35] |
|
| [36] |
杨家宽,肖波,王秀萍. 黄磷渣资源化进展与前景[J]. 矿产综合利用,2002(5):37-41. |
| [37] |
|
| [38] |
|
| [39] |
|
| [40] |
高旭伟,吴勇生. 黄磷渣资源化利用的现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国资源综合利用,2010,28(1):28-30. |
| [41] |
|
| [42] |
邵玉翠,张余良,李悦, |
| [43] |
|
| [44] |
官娅莉,陈静曦,李洪飞. 磷石膏对盐碱土的改良研究[J]. 内蒙古环境科学,2008,20(1):57-59. |
| [45] |
|
| [46] |
崔秀敏,王秀峰,孙春华, |
| [47] |
|
| [48] |
刘升学,于贤昌,刘伟, |
| [49] |
|
| [50] |
张明伟. 新型椰糠基质与泥炭基质栽培小白菜效果研究[J]. 现代农业科技,2019(1):73,75. |
| [51] |
|
| [52] |
张力方,李志元,刘宇翔, |
| [53] |
|
| [54] |
宋晓晓,邹志荣,曹凯, |
| [55] |
|
| [56] |
时振宇,陈健,贾凯, |
| [57] |
|
| [58] |
刘振国. 玉米秸秆不同配比基质对黄瓜生长发育的影响[D]. 郑州:河南农业大学,2009. |
| [59] |
|
| [60] |
王虹,金海军. 不同复合基质对生菜产量及品质的影响[J]. 上海蔬菜,2022(5):40-42. |
| [61] |
|
| [62] |
杜慧芳,程志辉,薛晓娜, |
| [63] |
|
| [64] |
聂书明,杜中平. 不同基质配方对番茄果实品质及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报,2013,29(16):149-152. |
| [65] |
|
| [66] |
刘佳. 番茄椰糠复合基质栽培关键技术研究[D]. 邯郸:河北工程大学,2020. |
| [67] |
|
| [68] |
张衍栋,张丽英. 磷石膏在日光温室番茄生产中的应用试验[J]. 农村实用工程技术(温室园艺),2004,24(9):40. |
| [69] |
|
云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AE090053)
云南(昆明)张福锁高原特色现代农业院士工作站(YSZJGZZ-2022034)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2021CXGC010801)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |