Maize is one of the most important food crops in China. In recent years, the increasing harm area and severity of maize stalk rot has led to a decline in maize yield and quality, severely affecting the sustainable development of the maize industry. In orde to screen out dominant biocontrol strains for the prevention and control of maize stalk rot caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides, and provide alternative materials for green prevention and control of maize stalk rot, in this study, six Trichoderma strains screened indoors in the early stage were used as the research object, by coating of maize seeds with fermentation solution and soaking them with spore suspension of Trichoderma, a randomized block design was used to determine the efficacy of different Trichoderma strains against maize stalk rot and to analyze their effect on maize yield. The results showed that the efficacy of control against maize stalk rot and effect on maize yield varied with the types of Trichoderma strains, treatments, and pathogenic fungal species. The efficacy of Trichoderma viride T43 and Trichoderma koningii KS coating treatments against Fusarium graminearum stalk rot reached 54.20% and 32.71%, respectively; maize yield was 6 760.24 kg/ha with 48.63% growth promotion under the premise of inoculation with Fusarium verticillioides after Trichoderma.viride T43 soaking treatment; maize yield was 6 353.74 kg/ha with 61.26% growth promotion under the premise of inoculation with Fusarium graminearum after Trichoderma koningii KS soaking treatment, Trichoderma viride T43 and Trichoderma koningii KS were screened for the effectiveness of biocontrol strains against maize stalk rot. The coating treatment of Trichoderma viride T43 showed a better control effect on Fusarium graminearum stalk rot, and the seed soaking treatment of Trichoderma viride T43 and Trichodermakoningii KS showed a better yield-increasing effect on the maize yield.
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