Effects of Combined Application of Carbon and Nitrogen on Physiological Characteristics and Biomass Accumulation and Allocation of Soybean in Arid Loess Plateau
In order to explore the effects of combined application of carbon and nitrogen fertilizer on the transportation of photosynthate, accumulation and distribution of dry matter in soybean in the arid Loess Plateau, in this study, a soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 13 was used as the experimental material, seven treatments including nitrogen fertilizer application alone(210(CK), 420(N1), 630(N2), 840 kg/ha(N3)) and combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and rice husk carbon(420 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and 999 kg/ha of rice husk carbon(C1N1), 630 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and 1998 kg/ha of rice husk carbon(C2N2), and 840 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and 2 997 kg/ha of rice husk carbon(C3N3)) were set up to study the regulation mechanism of physiological function and dry matter accumulation and partitioning in soybean leaves. The analysis results for two consecutive years showed that the leaf area index of the combined application of carbon and nitrogen(C1N1, C2N2, C3N3) increased by 49.57%-159.08% and 32.08%-110.20% in 2022, compared with the single application of nitrogen(N1, N2, N3) at the flowering and podding stages of soybean, respectively, and the data only increased by 12.82%-92.60% at the flowering stage in 2023. Daily leaf volume index increased by 77.40%-198.04%, 13.38%-67.99% in 2022, and increased by 2.87%-80.41%, 18.95%-64.72% in 2023, respectively. The total dry matter increased by 0.66%-20.87% in 2022 and ncreased by 4.70%-23.62% in 2023, respectively. Compared with C1N1 and C3N3 treatments, the leaf area index of C2N2 treatment showed the largest increase at the podding stage in 2022, it increased by 46.59% and 55.31%. The daily leaf volume index showed the largest increase at the flowering stage in 2022, it increased by 10.72% and 171.22%. The chlorophyll content increased most at the podding stage in 2023, it increased by 10.90% and 14.28% respectively. Intrinsic water use efficiency showed the largest increase at the flowering stage in 2022, it increased by 87.37% and 41.56%, respectively. Carboxylation rate increased most at the podding stage in 2022, it increased by 29.14% and 36.75%, respectively. Total dry matter showed the largest increase at the filling stage in 2023, it increased by 21.63% and 32.02%, respectively. To sum up, the fertilization combination of C2N2 treatment could be recommended to use as a new fertilization techniques for soybean cultivation.
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