1.Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji'nan 250100,China
2.College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Ji'nan 250358,China
3.College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China
Nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) is an important factor affecting crop yield construction. Screening peanut germplasm with high NUE is very important for high NUE peanut breeding and mechanism research. Using multi-spectral images collected by unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) to quickly obtain peanut biomass and nitrogen accumulation brings a new opportunity for rapid and accurate identification of peanut germplasm with high NUE. In this study, using 22 field-grown peanut varieties as the training population, the multispectral UAV was used to collect the multispectral images of peanut seedlings, extract the canopy reflectivity, and then the peanut biomass and nitrogen accumulation of the training population were accurately determined by constructing 11 vegetation indexes. Based on the vegetation index which was significantly associated with biomass and nitrogen accumulation, stepwise regression and K-nearest neighbor was used to construct a nitrogen efficiency related inversion model for peanut seedling stage. The optimal model was used to predict the biomass and nitrogen accumulation of 97 peanut varieties and analyze the relationship between biomass and nitrogen accumulation and peanut yield. Based on the predicted seedling biomass and nitrogen accumulation, the nitrogen efficiency was preliminarily evaluated in 97 peanut varieties. The results showed that the 11 vegetation indexes were significantly correlated with biomass and nitrogen accumulation. The stepwise regression model had the best effect on biomass estimation, and the R-squared(R2) and the root mean square error(RMSE) were 0.63 and 2.76 respectively, which was the best model of biomass inversion. The random forest model had the best effect on estimating nitrogen accumulation, and the R-squared and root mean square error were 0.82 and 0.06 respectively, which was the best model of nitrogen accumulation inversion. Using the peanut biomass and nitrogen accumulation predicted by the models, 97 peanut varieties were divided into three categories: high NUE, moderate NUE, and low NUE. Based on the predicted peanut biomass, 15 high NUE varieties including GN 001 and GN 007 were selected, and 18 high NUE varieties including GN 018 and GN 037 were selected based on the predicted peanut nitrogen accumulation.
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