Wheat-maize distant hybrid technique is one of the important way to produce double haploid plants, which can shorten the breeding process. In this study, by comparing culture medium composition, culture conditions, and colchicine doubling experiments, an optimal technical system for maize induced wheat haploid production in Shanxi was obtained, and lines with excellent traits were select. The results showed that white sweet-waxy maize was planted in the greenhouse from January 15th to 22nd, coinciding with the flowering period of the wheat F1 generation of Linfen 5064×Jinmai 84 in the field. The wheat hybrid spikes 24 hours of post-emasculation were cultured in a medium containing 3 g/L of KH2PO4+8 mL/L of H2SO3+10 mg/L of AgNO3+100 mg/L of 2,4-D+40 g/L of sucrose for 14 days. The embryo rate reached 34.08%. Then the embryos were transferred to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L of 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/L of 6-BA, resulting in rapid germination and growth of young embryos, and a higher number of thick roots, with the highest germination rate(84.36%) and seedling survival rate(72.04%). The haploid plants were treated with 500 mg/L of colchicine for 5 hours with aeration, resulting in the highest survival rate and doubling rate of 79.52% and 55.42%, respectively. Ultimately, 155 DH lines were obtained, from which 8 lines with high-quality subunits and excellent agronomic traits were identified and the lines could be applied to the practical work of wheat genetic breeding.
DH株系于2020—2021年度在山西省临汾市尧都区(36°08′N,111°52′E,海拔450 m)、韩村(36°25′N,111°67′E,海拔450 m)和运城市盐湖区(35°15′N,110°98′E,海拔369 m)种植。每行播种21粒,播种2行,行长1.5 m,行距0.3 m。按照大田常规管理标准进行。每个株系随机选择10株,进行株高(Plant height,PH)、千粒质量(Thousand grain weight,TGW)、小穗数(Spikelet number per spike,SN)、穗粒数(Grain number per spike,GNS)和抽穗期(Heading data,HD)的调查。
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