财务共享服务背景下国铁企业构建会计集中核算体系研究
Centralized Accounting System Building for China Railway Enterprises under Financial Shared Services
为进一步强化国铁企业会计核算集中管控,增强会计信息的真实性、可比性、合规性、及时性、准确性,实现集团财务信息集中处理和运用,通过广泛的文献分析及调查研究,以问题为导向,研究依托财务共享服务下国铁企业如何加强会计核算管控,提出了构建国铁企业会计集中核算体系的总体思路,即通过规范核算主体设置,统一科目体系、会计政策及核算规则,规范核算业务流程和报账单,设置前端业务协同和关联交易协同,改变“以表汇表”的合并报表编制方式,实现关联交易自动抵销合并,各级会计主体的会计报表和合并报表实时出表,并针对每一部分提出了具体措施,为国铁企业加强会计核算集中管控提供借鉴参考。
This paper aims to further enhance the centralized accounting control within China railway enterprises, and improve the authenticity, comparability, compliance, timeliness, and accuracy of accounting information, realizing the centralized processing and applications of financial information in the enterprises. To this end, an extensive literature analysis and empirical research are conducted by adopting a problem-oriented approach to explore how to strengthen accounting control in railway enterprises under financial shared services. Meanwhile, this study proposes a comprehensive framework for constructing a centralized accounting system for enterprises. This framework encompasses the standardization of accounting entity setting, unification of the accounting subject system, policies, and rules, standardization of accounting business processes and reimbursement forms, and establishment of front-end business collaboration and related party transaction coordination. Finally, this can transform the method of consolidation report preparation from a "table-to-table" approach to one that allows for automatic offsetting and consolidation of related party transactions. Additionally, real-time reporting of accounting entities and consolidated reports at all levels can be achieved. Specific measures for each part are put forward to provide references for relevant enterprises to enhance centralized accounting control.
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中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2022Z009)
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