When trains are delayed due to disruptions, the travel experience of transfer passengers can be significantly affected. Optimizing the transfer experience for passengers and swiftly restoring the train operation order has been crucial for improving the quality of high-speed railway passenger services in China. Compared to existing research, this research focused on optimizing the travel experience of transfer passengers and analyzed the impact of train delays on transfer passengers from three distinct perspectives: the number of passengers missing their planned transfer trains, the cumulative delay experienced by passengers, and the total time spent on waiting for transfer trains. Based on these considerations, this paper formulated the objective function of the model. Taking into account constraints related to train operations, passenger transfers, and disruption time windows, this paper developed a multi-objective integer programming model. The paper used the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway and Xuzhou-Lianyungang High Speed Railway partial network as a case to design delay scenarios and used the commercial solver GUROBI for solving. This model can provide near Pareto optimality solutions for the recovery of train operation orders and the transfer needs of passengers during delays caused by disruption. The model can reduce the number of passengers missing the planned transfer trains by 83.8% and decrease the average delay time of transfer passengers by 10.9 min. In this way, the transfer travel experience of passengers can be enhanced, the level of high-speed railway passenger services can be optimized, and the quality of train operations can be improved.
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