To accurately identify key nodes of the multimodal transport network in the new land-sea multimodal transport corridor and measure its vulnerability, a three-layer coupled network model integrating highway, railway, and port shipping was constructed by taking the western new land-sea corridor as the object, and a multi-layer weighting centrality algorithm based on improved TOPSIS was proposed. This centrality not only integrated the local and global information of nodes but also considered the importance of network layers, which could identify key nodes more accurately. The non-linear cascading failure model was improved, and a nearest-neighbor load distribution strategy was introduced to simulate real load propagation. By combining the dual failure scenarios of nodes and edges, the network vulnerability was evaluated through various attack strategies. The results show that ports (e.g., Beibu Gulf) play a critical role in the multi-layer network; in the comparison of attack strategies, the attack targeting nodes identified by the multi-layer weighting centrality algorithm has the strongest destructive power; attacking the top 5% of key edges can cause a 38% loss in network connectivity.
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