柠檬醛-壳聚糖涂膜协同流化冰贮藏对养殖大黄鱼品质影响及主成分分析
Effect of citral-chitosan coating assisted fluidized ice storage on quality of cultured Larimichthys crocea and principal component analysis
目的 延长大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)货架期。 方法 以宁德养殖大黄鱼为原材料,采用不同条件(流化冰+-3 ℃贮藏为对照组、壳聚糖涂膜+流化冰+-3 ℃贮藏为处理组A、柠檬醛-壳聚糖复合保鲜液涂膜+流化冰+-3 ℃贮藏为处理组B)对大黄鱼进行低温贮藏,研究保鲜处理条件对大黄鱼品质的影响,并对其贮藏期间品质指标进行主成分分析。 结果 与对照组相比,处理组A及处理组B可有效延缓大黄鱼的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)、菌落总数、K值、酸价、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量,硫代巴比妥酸反应物(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance,TBARS)值上升,同时可显著减缓大黄鱼盐溶性蛋白溶出比下降(P<0.05),且贮藏中后期,处理组B效果显著优于处理组A(P<0.05),与对照组相比,处理组B可延长货架期约6 d;通过对8个指标进行主成分分析可知,pH值、挥发性盐基氮、菌落总数、K值、酸价、TBARS值、MDA含量指标间呈高度正相关性,上述指标均与盐溶性蛋白溶出比呈负相关,且有统计学意义(P<0.05)。8个检测指标可简化为1个主成分,其方差贡献率为91.440%,其中第1主成分中贡献率大小顺序为盐溶性蛋白溶出比>菌落总数=TBARS>挥发性盐基氮>K值>pH>酸价>MDA,第一主成分主要反映大黄鱼的蛋白质变性及脂肪酸败程度,建立关于第1主成分的线性回归函数,Y1=0.131X1+0.133X2+0.133X3+0.132X4-0.134 X5+0.130X6+0.133X7+0.118X。 结论 柠檬醛-壳聚糖复合保鲜液涂膜协同流化冰低温贮藏可有效延长养殖大黄鱼货架期,第1主成分方差贡献率高,能较好地反映原始信息。
Objective To extend the shelf life of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Method The cultured L.crocea was stored at low temperature under different conditions (control group: fluidizing ice + -3 ℃ storage; Treatment group A: chitosan coating + fluidizing ice + -3 ℃ storage; Treatment group B: citral chitosan compound preservation solution coating + fluidizing ice + -3 ℃ storage).The quality indexes during storage were analyzed by principal component analysis. Result Compared with the control group, the increase of pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), total bacterial count,K value, acid value, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in group A and B was effectively delayed, and the decrease of salt-soluble protein dissolution ratio in the middle and late storage period significantly was slowed down (P<0.05).The effect of treatment group B was significantly better than that of treatment group A (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,treatment group B could prolong the shelf life about 6 days.According to the principal component analysis of 8 indexes, the pH value, volatile base nitrogen, total bacterial count, K value, acid value, TBARS value and MDA content were highly positively correlated, and the above indexes were negatively correlated with the salt soluble protein dissolution ratio (P<0.05).The 8 indicators can be simplified into one principal components, and the variance contribution rate was 91.440 %, the order of contribution rate in the first principal component was salt-soluble protein dissolution ratio > total bacterial count = TBARS > total volatile basic nitrogen > K value > pH > acid value > MDA.The first principal component mainly reflected the degree of protein denaturation and fatty acid rancidity of L.crocea.A linear regression function for the first principal component was established:Y1=0.131X1+0.133X2+0.133X3+0.132X4-0.134 X5+0.130X6+0.133X7+0.118X8. Conclusion The low-temperature storage of citral chitosan composite preservative coating combined with fluidization ice can prolong the shelf life of cultured L.crocea, and variance contribution rate of the first principal component can better reflect the original information.
柠檬醛 / 壳聚糖 / 大黄鱼 / 流化冰 / 品质 / 主成分分析
citral / chitosan / Larimichthys crocea / fluidized ice / quality / principal component analysis
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福建省中青年教师教育科研科技类项目(JAT191048)
福建省一级教改项目(FBJG20190255)
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