六盘山西侧华北落叶松林缘更新特征初探
韩新生 , 李振华 , 郭永忠 , 张源润 , 梅曙光 , 许浩
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (04) : 122 -128.
六盘山西侧华北落叶松林缘更新特征初探
A preliminary study on the forest-edge regeneration of Larix principis-rupprechtii on the west side of Liupan Mountains
目的 以北方典型造林树种华北落叶松为对象,定量分析林缘距离对林木天然更新指标的影响,为人工林可持续经营提供理论依据。 方法 在六盘山西侧的半干旱区,沿林缘向外设置样地、样带、样线及样点,调查距离林缘0~50 m的更新苗数量、年龄、株高及大苗数等指标,分析更新苗的年龄结构、空间分布、生长状况及其林缘效应。 结果 距离林缘越远,单位面积更新苗株数呈先升高后下降的变化,平均株高呈先明显降低后趋于稳定的变化;更新苗的最大年龄为15 a,95%的为2~5 a,即存在年龄结构短缺现象;大苗占比小,平均仅为2.29%,说明更新幼苗长成大苗的概率较低;更新指数在距离林缘0~10 m极高(0.98),在距离林缘10~20 m快速下降(0.41),之后随距离增加呈微弱下降趋势。 结论 华北落叶松天然更新的林缘效应在林缘距离10 m范围内最强,超出10 m范围后快速减弱,在生产实践中应对各林缘距离采取相应措施以促进天然更新。
Objective The influence of forest-edge distance on the natural regeneration of Larix principis⁃rupprechtii was quantitatively analyzed to provide theoretical basis for the sustainable management of artificial forest. Method In the semi-arid area of Liupan Mountains,we set up three sample plots, five sampling bands,three sampling lines and 30 sampling points, and then investigated the age,number of plants per unit area,plant height and number of large seedlings of Larix principis⁃rupprechtii in the region of 0~50 cm away from forest edge,followed by analyzing the age structure,distribution and growth status of the seedlings. Result With the increased distance to forest edge, the number of seedlings per unit area increased firstly and then decreased, and the average height of plants significantly decreased firstly, and then went stable.There was a shortage of age structure since the maximum age of seedlings was 15 years and 95% of seedlings were at the age of 2~5 years.The proportion of large seedlings in each sample zone was very small,with an average of 2.29%,suggesting the low probability of the seedlings growing into large plants.Our results confirmed that the renewal index was extremely high (0.98) within 10 m away from the forest edge, but it dropped rapidly when the distance exceeded 10 m, and there was a weak downward trend with the distance increasing. Conclusion The forest edge effect of natural regeneration of Larix principis⁃rupprechtii occurred within the range of 10 m from the forest margin.In practice, the appropriate methods and measures should be taken to promote the natural regeneration of Larix principis⁃rupprechtii.
forest edge effect / natural regeneration / Larix principis-rupprechtii / Liupan Mountains
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