不同品种苜蓿总黄酮对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵和饲料降解率的影响
寇伟 , 年芳 , 蒋林树 , 潘予琮 , 余诗强 , 梁婷
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (05) : 1 -8.
不同品种苜蓿总黄酮对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵和饲料降解率的影响
Effects of total flavonoids from different alfalfa varieties on in vitro rumen fermentation of dairy cows and feed degradation rate
目的 探究苜蓿总黄酮对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵和底物干物质降解率的影响。 方法 采用体外产气法,通过一种苜蓿总黄酮不同梯度对瘤胃发酵和底物干物质降解率的影响确定适宜的添加剂量,分别将6种不同品种苜蓿总黄酮(S1~S6)按适宜剂量添加至0.5 g TMR中,加入75 mL的微生物培养液,置于恒温培养箱(39 ℃)中培养24 h,并记录0、2、4、6、9、12、24 h时间点的产气量。发酵结束后,测定发酵液中pH、NH3-N、VFA、氧化还原电位以及底物干物质降解率。 结果 不同比例苜蓿总黄酮的发酵液中,在24 h时产气量,0.4%、0.6%和0.8%组的产气量显著大于1%、1.2%组和对照组(P<0.05);氧化还原电位在0.8%组时,显著大于其他组(P<0.05);TVFA在0.8%组时,显著大于其他实验组和对照组(P<0.05);乙酸在0.8%组时,显著大于其他试验组和对照组(P<0.05)。2)不同品种苜蓿总黄酮发酵液中,24 h时的产气量与降解率无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组中的NH3-N显著高于试验组(P<0.05);S6、S5、S3组中的还原电位显著高于S2、S1和对照组(P<0.05);S3组的发酵液中总挥发性脂肪酸和乙酸浓度显著高于其他组(P<0.05),S3组的发酵液中丙酸浓度显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。 结论 不同品种苜蓿总黄酮对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵和饲料降解率的影响存在显著差异,其中S3品种苜蓿总黄酮效果最佳,为后续作为奶牛饲料配方中添加剂的筛选提供理论参考。
Objective This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of total flavonoids in alfalfa on in vitro rumen fermentation of dairy cows and on the rate of substrate dry matter degradation. Method The method of gas production inv vitro was used to determine the appropriate dosage of total flavonoid addition by measuring the effects of different amounts of alfalfa total flavonoids on rumen fermentation and substrate dry matter degradation rate.The total flavonoids of six alfalfa varieties(S1-S6) were added into 0.5 g TMR at the appropriate dosage, followed by adding 75 mL microbial culture medium. The gas production was recorded at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after incubation at 39 ℃ for 24 h. After the fermentation, the pH, NH3-N, VFA, REDOX potential, and degradation rate of substrate dry matter in fermentation broth were determined. Result In fermentation broth with different proportions of alfalfa total flavonoids, the gas production at 24 h was significantly higher in 0.4%,0.6% and 0.8% groups than in 1%,1.2% groups and the control group (P<0.05).The REDOX potential,TVFA and Acetic acid in the group of 0.8% were significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in gas production and degradation rate at 24 h in fermentation broth among different total-flavonoid addition treatments of different alfalfa varieties(P<0.05).The NH3-N in control group was significantly higher than that in experimental groups (P<0.05).The reduction potential in S6,S5 and S3 groups was significantly higher than that in S2,S1 and control groups(P<0.05).The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and acetic acid in fermentation broth of S3 group were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05),and propionic acid concentration in fermentation broth of S3 group was significantly higher than that of other groups P<0.05). Conclusion There were significant differences in the effects of alfalfa flavones on in vitro rumen fermentation of dairy cows and on feed degradation rate among different varieties, which was the best for S3 alfalfa, providing theoretical reference for the subsequent screening of alfalfa flavones as feed additives for dairy cows.
alfalfa total flavonoids / in vitro fermentation / varieties / feed degradation rate
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国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701604-2)
北京市现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队项目
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