黄河流域甘肃段主要一级支流水土流失与社会经济发展的关系研究
王淑媛 , 李晓丹 , 刘学录 , 孙静 , 孙治芳 , 韩雨 , 徐一恒
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (05) : 202 -208.
黄河流域甘肃段主要一级支流水土流失与社会经济发展的关系研究
Research on the relationship between soil erosion and socio-economic development of the main first-class tributary of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin
目的 分析黄河流域主要一级支流的产沙量、径流量与自然因素(降雨量)、土地利用方式、经济发展状况之间的关系,为黄河流域甘肃段的生态保护与高质量发展提供依据。 方法 采用趋势分析与相关性分析方法。 结果 在研究时段内,黄河流域甘肃段主要一级支流的产沙量、径流量波动剧烈,泾河流域甘肃段产沙量呈下降趋势,洮河和渭河流域产沙量呈上升趋势,平均产沙量最大的为渭河流域,最小的为洮河流域,前者是后者的3.2倍;平均径流量最大的为洮河流域,最小的为泾河流域,前者为后者的3.8倍;3条主要支流的平均降雨量接近,渭河流域的产沙量、径流量与降雨量相关性最显著,产沙量与径流量极显著相关,洮河流域的降雨量对地表径流的影响不显著,但地表径流对产沙量的贡献极显著,泾河流域的降雨量与地表径流极显著相关,产沙量与径流量、降雨量相关性不强。由相关性分析可知,泾河流域的水土流失指标与社会经济指标相关性最显著,尤其是农业GDP、耕地面积与产沙量的相关性最大,渭河流域的水土流失指标与耕地面积、GDP相关性较大,洮河的水土流失指标与耕地面积、人口密度相关性较大。 结论 人口、人口密度和土地利用方式是影响研究区3条一级支流水土流失的关键因素,保持和转变已有的经济发展方式可以促使流域产沙量的减少和地表径流的增加。
Objective The relationship between sediment production and runoff of the main first-class tributaries of the Yellow River Basin and natural factors (rainfall), land use mode and economic development status was analyzed, which provided a basis for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin. Method Adopt trend analysis and correlation analysis methods. Result During the study period, the sediment production and runoff of the main first-class tributaries of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin fluctuated sharply, the sand production in the Gansu section of the Jing River Basin showed a downward trend, and the sand production in the Taohe and Weihe River basins showed an upward trend, with the largest average sand production being in the Weihe River Basin and the smallest being the Taohe River Basin, the former being 3.2 times that of the latter; the largest average runoff was in the Taohe River Basin and the smallest was in the Jing River Basin, the former being 3.8 times that of the latter; The average rainfall of the three main tributaries was similar, the correlation between sediment production and runoff and rainfall in the Weihe River Basin was the most significant, the sediment production was very significantly correlated with runoff, the impact of rainfall on surface runoff in the Taohe River Basin was not significant, but the contribution of surface runoff to sand production was extremely significant, the rainfall in the Jing River Basin was very significantly correlated with surface runoff, and the correlation between sand production and runoff and rainfall was not strong. From the correlation analysis table, it can be seen that the correlation between soil erosion indicators and socio-economic indicators is the most significant, especially the correlation between agricultural GDP, cultivated land area and sediment production is the largest, the correlation between soil erosion indicators and cultivated land area and GDP in Weihe River Basin is large, and the correlation between soil erosion indicators and cultivated land area and population density in Taohe River is large. Conclusion Population, population density and land use patterns are the key factors affecting soil erosion of the three first-class tributaries in the study area, and maintaining and transforming the existing economic development mode can lead to the decrease of sediment production and the increase of surface runoff in the watershed.
Yellow River / water and soil erosion / social economic
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土地城市化与人口城市协调关系研究(GSAU-ZL-2015-046)
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