旱地玉米残膜捡拾清茬机设计与优化
Design and optimization of corn residue film picking and cleaning machine in dry land
目的 解决现有废膜捡拾机膜土不分离、卸膜效率低、仿地形能力差,以及玉米根茬残留土壤影响农机具寿命等问题。 方法 在杆齿式结构的基础上,增加破茬机构、割膜机构、清茬收集机构,研制出一种玉米地废膜捡拾清茬机。 结果 初步确定了起膜齿、捡膜齿的入土深度、机具前进速度、捡膜齿主轴转速等关键参数。依据废膜捡拾机鉴定大纲要求,进行田间试验,将试验数据利用Design-Expert软件进行分析,建立各种响应的二次回归模型。结果表明,各影响因素对响应的影响大小顺序为:入土深度、作业速度、土壤含水率。 结论 通过参数优化并经试验验证,捡膜齿入土深度为 200 mm,牵引速度为3 m/s,土壤含水率为17.65%时,捡拾率最大为 94.9%,清茬率可达到94.8%,缠膜率为1.38%。预测结果和试验验证相近,机器运行良好。
Objective Aiming at the problems of non-separation of film soil,low efficiency of film unloading,poor ability of terrain imitation,and influence of residual soil of corn stubble on service life of agricultural machinery and tools,etc. Method On the basis of the rod-tooth structure,the stubble breaking mechanism,film cutting mechanism and stubble cleaning and collecting mechanism were added,and a corn waste film picking and stubble cleaning machine was developed. Result The key parameters of film picking gear and film picking gear,such as the depth of the soil,the speed of the machine and the spindle speed of the film picking gear,were determined.According to the identification outline requirements of waste film pickup machine,field tests were carried out,the test data were analyzed by using Design-Expert software,and the quadratic regression models of various responses were established.The results show that the order of the influence of each influencing factor on the response is:Through parameter optimization and experimental verification. Conclusion The depth of soil insertion,operation speed and soil moisture content of the film picking gear are 200 mm,the traction speed is 3 m/s,and the maximum picking rate is 94.9%,stubble removal rate can reach 94.8% and film wrapping rate is 1.38% when the soil moisture content is 17.65%.The predicted results are close to the experimental verification and the machine runs well.
cornfield / waste film picking up / cleaning-stubble / parameter optimization
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