不同生长条件对三种药食两用植物挥发油化学成分的影响
Effect of different growth conditions on the chemical composition of volatile oils from three edible and medicinal plants
目的 探究不同生长条件对3种常见的药食两用植物韭菜、蒲公英和香菜挥发油化学成分的影响。 方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取新鲜韭菜、蒲公英和香菜地上部分的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术和保留指数法对化合物进行定性分析,采用峰面积归一法进行定量分析。 结果 不同生长环境中的韭菜、蒲公英和香菜挥发油的主要成分及其含量存在显著的差异。自然生长环境中的韭菜、蒲公英和香菜挥发油中所鉴定的化合物的种类均大于大棚温室生长环境,且自然生长环境中的挥发油中特有组分数量均显著大于大棚温室生长环境,呈现出较高的化学组分多样性。此外,塑料大棚温室生长环境中的韭菜、蒲公英和香菜的挥发油中均检测到一定含量的增塑剂和塑料抗氧剂。 结论 生长条件的差异对韭菜、蒲公英和香菜挥发油化学成分的种类与含量具有显著的影响。
Objective The study aimed to explore the effect of different growth conditions on the chemical composition of volatile oil from three edible and medicinal plants, i.e., leek (Allium tuberosum), dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Method The volatiles oil of the aboveground parts of fresh leek, dandelion and coriander were extracted by the way of steam distillation, followed by the determination of their chemical composition by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and retention index method, and the quantitative analysis by the method of peak area normalization. Result There were significant differences in the major components and their content in the volatile oils of leek,dandelion and coriander under different growth environments.The types of compounds identified in the volatile oils of leek, dandelion or coriander grown in the natural environment were more than those in the greenhouse environment.The number of some peculiar compounds in the volatile oil of these plants in the natural environment was larger than those in the greenhouse environment; that is, the volatile oil of these plants in the natural environment exhibited a higher diversity in the chemical composition. In addition, a certain amount of plasticizer and plastic antioxidant were identified in the volatile oils of leek, dandelion and coriander grown in the plastic greenhouses. Conclusion The difference in the growth conditions exerted significant effect on both the composition and the content of compounds in the volatile oils of leek, dandelion and coriander.
韭菜 / 蒲公英 / 香菜 / 挥发油 / 气相色谱-质谱法
leek / dandelion / coriander / volatile oil / gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)
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甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA522)
甘肃农业大学公招博士科研启动基金项目(GAU-KYQ D-2018-18)
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