葡萄皮皂苷提取条件优化及其稳定性分析
Optimization of extraction conditions and stability analysis of grape skin saponins
目的 研究无水乙醇质量分数、硫酸铵质量分数、粗提液质量分数、pH值对酿酒葡萄皮渣中皂苷萃取的影响及产物稳定性分析,以期为葡萄皮皂苷提取提供参考。 方法 采用双水相体系萃取葡萄皮中的皂苷,在单因素试验基础上,选取无水乙醇质量分数、粗提液质量分数、pH值为主要影响因子,利用Box-Behnken设计3因素3水平试验,以葡萄皮皂苷为响应值进行响应面分析。同时,对优化后的皂苷进行温度和金属离子稳定性试验。 结果 葡萄皮皂苷最佳萃取条件为:无水乙醇质量分数21%、粗提液质量分数为4%、pH值为6。在最优条件下实测值为90.3%,试验结果与模型预测值(90.615 6%)相接近,表明模型预测值与试验值之间有很好的拟合性,证实了模型的有效性。稳定性试验研究结果表明,45 ℃时皂苷稳定性最好,Mg2+、K+、Ca2+对皂苷的稳定性都有一定的影响。 结论 通过试验优化了葡萄皮皂苷的萃取工艺条件,可为酿酒葡萄皮渣的资源化开发提供技术参考。
Objective To study the effects of anhydrous ethanol mass fraction,ammonium sulfate mass fraction,crude extract mass fraction and pH value on the extraction of saponins from grape skin residue,and to analyze the stability of the product. Method Saponins from grape skins were extracted by aqueous two-phase system.On the basis of single factor experiment,the mass fraction of anhydrous ethanol,the mass fraction of crude extract and the pH value were selected as the main influencing factors.Box-Behnken design was used to design three-factor and three-level experiment,and saponins from grape skins were used as response values to conduct response surface analysis.At the same time,temperature and metal ion stability tests were carried out on the optimized saponins. Result The optimal extraction conditions of grape skin saponins were as follows: the mass fraction of anhydrous ethanol was 21%,the mass fraction of ammonium sulfate was 24%,the mass fraction of crude extract was 4%,and the pH value was 6.Under the optimal conditions,the measured value was 90.3%,and the experimental results were close to the predicted value of the model (90.615 6%),indicating that the predicted value of the model was well fitted with the experimental value,which confirms the validity of the model.The results of stability test showed that saponin had the best stability at 45 ℃,and metal ions Mg2+,K+,Ca2+ had certain influence on the stability of saponin. Conclusion The extraction conditions of grape skin saponins are optimized,which could provide technical reference for the resource development of grape skin residue.
grape skin residue / saponins / extraction / response surface design
相比:
分配系数:K=
萃取率:Y=
Y=90.50+0.038A-1.19B+1.20C+0.50AB+2.58AC-0.68BC-7.48A2-4.48B2-11.45C2
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甘肃省葡萄酒产业发展基金项目(GCJ-2019-125-1)
甘肃农业大学校列项目(GSAU-ZL-2018-8)
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