氮素形态对基质栽培娃娃菜品质的影响
张文斌 , 魏百弘 , 铁建中 , 胡琳莉 , 吕剑 , 冯致 , 郁继华
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (06) : 97 -104.
氮素形态对基质栽培娃娃菜品质的影响
Effect of nitrogen forms on the quality of mini Chinese cabbage cultivated on substrate
目的 探究不同氮素形态对基质栽培娃娃菜品质的影响,为基质栽培娃娃菜科学施用氮肥提供参考依据。 方法 试验采用基质盆栽方式,以不施肥为对照(CK),施肥处理保持总氮水平一致,设置4个氮素形态及配比,分别是全铵态氮(T1)、铵态氮和硝态氮各50%(T2)、全硝态(T3)、尿素(T4),采收后测定娃娃菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、VC、硝酸盐、可滴定酸以及矿物质元素的含量。 结果 施用铵态氮可显著提高娃娃菜中可溶性糖的含量,T1和T2较CK分别增加134.1%和48.35%。与其他处理相比,铵态氮和硝态氮各50%配施显著提高娃娃菜中可溶性蛋白和VC含量。施肥会增加娃娃菜中硝酸盐的水平,各处理硝酸盐含量T3>T2>T1>T4>CK,硝态氮更容易引起娃娃菜中硝酸盐水平的升高,配施铵态氮可降低硝酸盐的含量。氮素形态对娃娃菜矿质元素含量影响不一致,全硝态氮处理下娃娃菜中K、Ca和Mg的含量最高,较CK分别增加161.9%、30.7%和68.2%。铵态氮和硝态氮各50%配施更有利于N、P、Mn和Zn的积累,Cu和Fe在单一氮素形态铵态氮下含量最高。 结论 铵态氮和硝态氮各50%配施可显著增加娃娃菜中可溶性蛋白和VC的含量,可溶性糖的含量较高,硝酸盐含量较低,有利于养分的积累,获得较高的品质,可以作为基质栽培娃娃菜中氮肥施用的参考。
Objective The study was conducted to investigate the effect of different nitrogen forms on the quality of mini Chinese cabbage cultivated on substrate,providing scientific reference to nitrogen fertilizer application in Brassica pekinensis cultivation on substrate. Method The experiment was conducted in pots with substrate.Four nitrogen forms and proportions were set with no fertilization as the control(CK),i.e.,the total ammonium nitrogen (T1),50% ammonium nitrogen and 50% nitrate nitrogen (T2),the total nitrate (T3) and urea (T4),which had the same level of total nitrogen.After harvesting,the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,VC,nitrate,titratable acid and mineral elements were determined. Result Application of ammonium nitrogen significantly increased the content of soluble sugar in mini Chinese cabbage.Compared with the CK,the soluble sugar of the treated plants in T1 and T2 significantly increased by 134.1% and 48.35%,respectively.The combined application of 50% ammonium nitrogen and 50% nitrate nitrogen significantly increased the contents of soluble protein and VC in mini Chinese cabbage in comparison with other treatments.The fertilization increased the nitrate level in mini Chinese cabbage,and the nitrate content in different treatments ranked as following: T3>T2>T1>T4>CK.It was more likely that Nitrate nitrogen caused the increase of nitrate level in B.pekinensis,and that the combined application of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen reduced the nitrate content.The effect of nitrogen forms on the mineral element contents was inconsistent among different treatments.The contents of K,Ca and Mg were the highest under the treatment with total nitrate nitrogen,which increased 161.9%,30.7% and 68.2%,respectively,compared with the CK.The 50% ammonium nitrogen and 50% nitrate nitrogen were favorable to N,P,Mn and Zn accumulation,and the contents of Cu and Fe were the highest under total ammonium nitrogen treatment. Conclusion The combined application of 50% ammonium nitrogen and 50% nitrate nitrogen significantly increased the contents of soluble protein and VC in mini Chinese cabbage,of which the soluble sugar content is higher and the nitrate content is lower.Therefore,the treatment was beneficial to nutrient accumulation and quality,and the results could be used as a reference for nitrogen fertilizer application in the substrate cultivation of mini Chinese cabbage.
mini Chinese cabbage / nitrogen form / cultivation with substrate / quality / mineral element
Z1=0.39X1+0.37X2+0.40X3+0.38X4+0.34X5+0.17X6+0.12X7+0.37X8+0.34X9
Z2=0.13X1+0.16X2-0.02X3-0.13X4-0.22X5+0.54X6+0.71X7-0.25X8-0.19X9
Z3=-0.06X1-0.33X2+0.08X3+0.21X4+0.46X5+0.59X6-0.34X7-0.21X8-0.33X9
综合得分Y=0.53×Z1+0.22×Z2+0.15×Z3
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甘肃省教育厅“双一流”科研重点项目(GSSYLXM-02)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZCYD-2020-5)
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-C-07)
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