祁连山东段山生柳灌丛种群分布特征及其影响因素
张碧艳 , 赵锦梅 , 杨晓霞 , 王婧楠 , 樊宇航
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (01) : 165 -172.
祁连山东段山生柳灌丛种群分布特征及其影响因素
Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of Salix oritrepha population in eastern section of Qilian Mountains
目的 明晰祁连山东段山生柳(Salix oritrepha)灌丛空间分布类型和株高、基径、枝条数、叶面积以及地上生物量等生长状况特征及其与环境因子的关系。 方法 采用实地调查采样、相关性分析和主成分分析法,对山生柳灌丛的个体特征及其与环境因子的关系进行研究与分析。 结果 祁连山东段山生柳种群空间分布表现为聚集型分布。株高与总孔隙度呈显著负相关;枝条数与总孔隙度呈显著负相关,与毛管孔隙呈显著正相关;叶面积与非毛管孔隙呈显著负相关,与最大持水量和有机质含量呈正相关;最大持水量与非毛管孔隙呈显著负相关;有机质与非毛管孔隙呈显著负相关,与最大持水量呈显著正相关。研究区山生柳灌丛7个环境因子的变异系数在0.01~0.15,土壤有机质和毛管孔隙变化幅度较大,其次为土壤含水量和容重,非毛管孔隙和总孔隙度变化幅度最小。主成分分析表明,有机质是影响该地区山生柳灌丛分布的主导因素,其次是土壤持水能力,而其他因素影响相对较小。 结论 土壤含水量和有机质含量是影响研究区灌丛分布的主要因素,对研究区内灌丛生态系统和高寒区植物多样性稳定具有重要意义。
Objective The study aimed at clarifying the spatial distribution type of Salix oritrepha shrub population and its growth characteristics such as plant height,basal diameter,branch number,leaf area and aboveground biomass in the eastern section of Qilian Mountains,and exploring their relationship with the environmental factors. Method The characteristics of Salix oritrepha shrub individuals were determined by means of field survey,and their relationship with environmental factors was tested by using correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Result It was showed that the spatial distribution of S.oritrepha population in the eastern part of Qilian Mountains was aggregative.Plant height was negatively correlated with the total porosity;and shoot number was also negatively correlated with the total porosity,while positively correlated with capillary porosity;leaf area was negatively correlated with non-capillary porosity and positively correlated with either maximum water holding capacity or organic matter content.There is a significant negative correlation between the maximum water holding capacity and non-capillary pores.Organic matter was negatively correlated with non-capillary pores and positively correlated with maximum water holding capacity.The variation coefficients of 7 environmental factors of Salix oritrepha shrub in the study area ranged from 0.01 to 0.15.The variation ranges of soil organic matter and capillary porosity were relatively large,followed by soil water content and bulk density,and the variation ranges of non-capillary porosity and total porosity were the smallest.The results of principal component analysis showed that soil water content was the main factor affecting the distribution of S.oritrepha shrub in this area,followed by soil organic matter content,while other factors had little effect. Conclusion Soil water content and organic matter content were the main factors influencing S.oritrepha shrub distribution,playing an important role in maintaining shrub ecosystem stability and plant diversity in alpine region.
山生柳 / 空间分布格局 / 土壤性状 / 相关关系 / 祁连山东段
Salix oritrepha / spatial distribution pattern / soil properties / relationship / eastern qilian Mountains
v=
m=(i=1,2,…,N)
t=(v/m-1)/S
S=
K=m2/(v-m)
C=
I=(v/m)-1
GI=(v/m-1)/ (N-1)
m*=m+(v/m-1)=m+I
m* /m=1+I/m=1+1/K
GI=(v/m-1)/(N-1)
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