盐生草和白茎盐生草染色体核型分析及盐生草基因组大小预测
孙祥岭 , 马艳红 , 姚立蓉 , 汪军成 , 王化俊 , 李葆春
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (05) : 191 -198.
盐生草和白茎盐生草染色体核型分析及盐生草基因组大小预测
Karyotype analysis of Halogeton glomeratus and Halogeton arachnoideus,and genome size prediction of Halogeton glomeratus
目的 鉴定盐生植物种类、探讨盐生植物亲缘关系、研究植物种质资源遗传多样性提供理论依据;通过流式细胞术估测盐生草基因组大小,为盐生草属其他物种基因组大小测定方法提供参考。 方法 以盐生草属(Halophytes)植物盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus)和白茎盐生草(Halogeton arachnoideus)为材料,通过进行核型分析,常规压片法对盐生草和白茎盐生草根尖细胞进行核型分析,并以盐生草嫩叶为材料,采用流式细胞术估测盐生草基因组大小。 结果 二者均属于二倍体植物(2n=18),核型公式为2n=2x=18=12 m+6 sm(盐生草)、2n=2x=18=16 m+2 sm(白茎盐生草),二者核不对称系数(AS.K%)分别为61.91%和41.91%,核型分别为“2A”型和“1B”型;盐生草基因组大小约为(0.95±0.02)G。 结论 在盐生草属的两个品种中,盐生草属于较为进化的植物,白茎盐生草进化则较为原始;建立了流式细胞术测定盐生草基因组大小的方法,预测了盐生草基因组大小。
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of plant germplasm resources,with a particular focus on Halogeton glomeratus.Additionally,we aimed to predict the genome size of H.glomeratus using flow cytometry,providing valuable insights for genome size determination in other halophyte species. Method Halogeton glomeratus and Halogeton arachnoideus were selected as materials to establish a theoretical basis for species identification and explore the genetic relationships among halophytes.Chromosome karyotypes were analyzed using the conventional pressing method on root tip cells of H.glomeratus and H.arachnoideus.Furthermore,the genome size of H.glomeratus was predicted through flow cytometry. Result Both H.glomeratus and H.arachnoideus were found to be diploid with a chromosome count of 2n=18.The karyotype formulas for the two cultivars were as follows:H.glomeratus—2 n=2 x=18=12 m+6 sm,H.arachnoideus-2 n=2 x=18=16 m+2 sm.The asymmetrical karyotype coefficients (AS.K%) were 61.91% and 41.91%,respectively.The karyotype symmetries were classified as 2A and 1B types.The estimated genome size of H.glomeratus was approximately (0.95±0.02)G. Conclusion Among the two halophyte varieties studied,H.glomeratus displayed a higher level of evolutionary advancement compared to H.arachnoideus,which appeared to be a relatively original variety.A reliable method for determining the genome size of H.glomeratus using flow cytometry was established,and the genome size of H.glomeratus was successfully predicted.These findings contribute to the understanding of genetic diversity in halophytes and can serve as a reference for genome size determination in other species of halophytes.
盐生草 / 白茎盐生草 / 核型分析 / 流式细胞术 / 基因组大小
Halogeton glomeratus / Halogeton arachnoideus / karyotype analysis / flow cytometry / genome size
待测样品基因组大小=待测样品荧光强度/内参荧光强度×内参植物基因组大小
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973计划前期研究专项(2014CB160313)
国家自然科学基金项目(31960072)
国家自然科学基金项目(32001514)
国家自然科学基金项目(31860377)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-05-04B-2)
甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-12)
甘肃省自然基金重点项目(20JR10RA507)
甘肃省自然基金重点项目(21JR7RA801)
甘肃农业大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划重点支持领域项目(202110733001)
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