Effects of dietary berberine and bile acid supplementation on largemouth bass growth,antioxidant indices,liver and intestinal tissue and its microbiota
1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of green ecologycal feed,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China
2.Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of berberine and bile acid supplementation on the growth performance,immunity,glucose metabolism,and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass. Method Largemouth bass with an initial body weight of (133.7±1.43)g were selected as the research subjects,and the basal diet was supplemented with 300 mg/kg bile acid and 2 g/kg berberine.The control group was fed with the basal diet for 50 days.Physiological and biochemical analyses,as well as high-throughput sequencing,were employed to assess physiological and metabolic parameters,tissue morphology,and intestinal microorganisms. Result It was showed that berberine and bile acid supplementations significantly improved the growth performance of largemouth bass.Compared to the control group,the berberine and bile acid groups exhibited a significantly increased specific growth rate and a decreased hepatosomatic ratio (P<0.05).Berberine and bile acid supplementation also led to a significant decrease in the levels of the proinflammatory factor TNF-α and blood glucose in the serum of largemouth bass (P<0.05).Dietary berberine increased the levels of key enzymes involved in liver glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (P<0.05).Moreover,the berberine and bile acid groups displayed an increased proportion of intestinal microbe Firmicutes,a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria,and reduced levels of Pseudomonas.Additionally,dietary supplementation of berberine and bile acid improved liver tissue vacuolation,reduced cellular fat,resulted in longer intestinal villi and thicker intestinal walls,increased goblet cells,and decreased eosinophilic granulosa cells. Conclusion The dietary addition of berberine and bile acid improved growth performance,reduced inflammation,promoted glucose metabolism,and caused the changes in relative abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass.
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