气吸双滚筒式棉花精量排种器的设计与试验
卢博 , 倪向东 , 李树峰 , 李克志 , 王剑 , 齐庆征 , 邵文平
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (06) : 249 -256.
气吸双滚筒式棉花精量排种器的设计与试验
Design and testing of an air-absorbing double-drum precision cotton seed feeder
目的 为提高气吸滚筒式排种器充种性能,降低负压风机能耗,设计了一种气吸双滚筒式排种器。 方法 理论分析排种过程中棉花种子的受力状态,利用Solidworks对排种器进行三维建模,运用流体仿真软件对3.8 mm孔径的滚筒进行内流场模拟,掌握内流场速度及压力变化的规律,对比有无内置滚筒结构对型孔处气体流速的影响。利用Design-expert 13.0软件设计了两因素五水平二次旋转正交组合试验方案,以负压和前进速度为试验因素,建立了漏播率、合格率和重播率等评价指标的响应曲面,进而对工作性能进行评价。 结果 通过优化回归方程得到最佳参数组合,并经台架试验验证。在负压为2.39 kPa、前进速度为4.55 km/h的条件下,排种器播种棉花种子的合格率为91.8%,漏播率为3.3%,重播率为4.9%。 结论 自行设计的排种器可满足棉花种子精量播种的农艺要求,显著降低风机能耗,为机械化播种提供技术性参考。
Objective In order to improve the seed filling performance of air-absorbing roller seed discharger and reduce the energy consumption of negative pressure fan,an air-absorbing double roller seed discharger was designed. Method Theoretical analysis of the force state of cotton seed during seed discharge,3D modeling of the seed discharger using Solidworks,simulation of the internal flow field of the drum with 3.8 mm aperture using fluid simulation software to capture the law of velocity and pressure changes in the internal flow field,and comparison of the effect of the gas flow rate at the type aperture with and without the built-in drum structure.A two-factor,five-level quadratic rotational orthogonal combination test scheme was designed using Design-expert 13.0 software,with negative pressure and forward speed as the test factors,to establish the response surfaces for the evaluation indices such as missseeding rate,pass rate and reseeding rate,and then to evaluate the working performance. Result The optimal combination of parameters was obtained by optimizing the regression equation and verified by bench tests.Under the conditions of negative pressure of 2.39 kPa and a forward speed of 4.55 km/h,the seed rower sowed cotton seeds with a pass rate of 91.8%,a miss rate of 3.3% and a reseeding rate of 4.9%. Conclusion The self-designed seed rower can be used to meet the agronomic requirements of cotton seed precision sowing,significantly reduce the energy consumption of the blower and provide a technical reference for mechanized sowing.
棉花种子 / 排种器 / 气吸滚筒 / 精准农业 / 流体仿真 / 试验设计
ccotton seed / seed rower / air-absorbing roller / precision agriculture / fluid simulation / experimental design
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国家自然科学基金项目(52065056)
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