基于物联网的塑料大棚保温被自动揭放对越冬叶菜生长及品质的影响
魏锋 , 马丽娟 , 葛静 , 周娟 , 张亚红
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (01) : 292 -303.
基于物联网的塑料大棚保温被自动揭放对越冬叶菜生长及品质的影响
The influence of automatically-operated insulating cover of plastic greenhouses based on the Internet of Things on growth and quality of overwintering leafy vegetables
目的 为研究应用物联网系统调控塑料大棚保温被的自动揭放,对越冬叶菜生长及品质的影响。 方法 以每日日出日落时间为依据,针对不同气候环境,设计自动揭放保温被的环境条件阈值为处理H,园区管理员经验揭放时间为对照(CK)。两个塑料大棚内种植相同品种叶菜(小白菜、油麦菜、油菜、菠菜),对塑料大棚内叶菜的生长指标、品质及产量进行比较。 结果 基于物联网的自动控制系统能够有效监测温室内外光照强度、温度和湿度等环境信息,能进行保温被的自动揭放控制,并且该系统应用安全、方便、灵活。越冬叶菜3个生育期内,H处理比CK的平均空气温度和平均土壤温度分别高10.8%~21.3%和10.1%~23.2%,对叶菜的生长发育以及品质产量起到促进作用。 结论 物联网系统控制保温被揭放的塑料大棚具有良好的环境性能,可解决冬季叶菜缺乏问题,具有推广价值。
Objective The study aimed to explore the effect of automatically-operated insulation cover of plastic greenhouse on the growth and quality of overwintering leafy vegetables, based on the application of Internet of Things system. Method Based on the daily sunrise and sunset time,the environmental condition threshold of automatic uncovering of insulation quilt was designed as treatment H for different climatic environments,and the uncovering time according to administrator experience as the control, i.e., CK. The same varieties of leafy vegetables(pakchoi,Leaf lettuce,rape and spinach) were planted in the two plastic greenhouses,followed by comparing the growth index,quality and yield of these leafy vegetables. Result The automatic control system based on the Internet of Things could effectively monitor environmental information such as light intensity,temperature and humidity inside and outside the greenhouse,and could automatically cover and uncover the insulation quilt. The application of the system was safe,convenient and flexible. During three growth periods of overwintering leafy vegetables, the average air temperature and soil temperature of H treatment were 10.8%~21.3% and 10.1%~23.2% higher than those of CK treatment, respectively, which promoted the growth, development and the quality and yield of leafy vegetables. Conclusion The plastic greenhouse controlled with the Internet of Things system has a good environmental performance, which may solve the problem of lacking leafy vegetables in winter and has a value of promotion.
物联网 / 塑料大棚 / 保温被自动揭放 / 生长 / 品质
Internet of Things / plastic greenhouse / insulating quilt / growth / quality
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