莲藕表皮力学特性试验研究
Experiment on the mechanical properties of the epidermis of the lotus root
目的 探究莲藕机械去皮技术,对用于深加工的主藕体外部形状以及表皮力学特性进行了试验研究。 方法 以广泛种植的鄂莲5号主藕体为对象,测量其外形轮廓并进行了统计分析。采用质构仪,以去皮切削极限力为评价指标,以切削方向、取样部位、加载速度为试验因素,开展了全因素试验;以拉伸断裂极限强度为评价指标,以取样部位、拉伸方向为影响因素,开展了全因素试验。 结果 三节主藕体长、宽、高为98.16~238.57 mm、62.51~91.11 mm、57.57~86.48 mm,表皮湿基含水率为80.46%~86.28%;莲藕不同截面孔边距以及内凹外观特性呈现出由最大截面向两端递减的趋势,莲藕去皮厚度t应满足t<3.00 mm。轴向平均切削力分别为(9.13±1.55)、(11.31±1.48)、(12.06±1.10)N,周向平均切削力分别为(10.21±1.97)、(12.88±2.45)、(12.28±1.42) N;取样部位、加载速度对去皮切削力均影响极显著,切削方向对去皮切削力影响显著;三节主藕体藕皮轴向平均拉伸强度分别为(1.41±0.15)、(1.29±0.260)、(1.08±0.22)MPa,周向平均拉伸强度分别为(0.62±0.09)、(0.67±0.25)、(0.71±0.19)MPa;方向对藕皮拉伸强度影响极显著,藕皮轴向拉伸强度大于周向。 结论 沿周向设计仿形机械去皮机构,通过提高切削速度以减小切削阻力,提高机械去皮效率。
Objective In order to explore the mechanical peeling technology of lotus root,the external shape and skin mechanical properties of main lotus root for deep processing were studied. Method Taking the widely planted main lotus root of E lian NO.5 as the object,the dimensions,the distance between the cross-sectional pores and the surface (short for hole margin),and the cross-sectional contour were measured and statistically analyzed.The cutting and tensile characteristics of the lotus root epidermis were investigated by using a texture analyzer,with the peeling cut limit force as the evaluation index,the cutting direction,the sampling site and the loading speed as the test factors.The ultimate tensile strength was used as the evaluation index,and the sampling site and tensile direction were used as the influencing factors. Result The body length,width and height of the three main sections were 98.16~238.57 mm,62.51~91.11 mm and 57.57~86.48 mm,and the epidermal water content was 80.46%~86.28%.The cross-sectional outline of lotus root shows concave and convex appearance characteristics,and the axial hole edge distance and concave appearance characteristics show a decreasing trend from the maximum section to both ends.In order to reduce the damage of the lotus root body during mechanical cutting,the peeling thickness t of lotus root should be t<3.00 mm.The average axial cutting force was (9.13±1.55),(11.31±1.48),(12.06±1.10)N,and the average circumferential cutting force was (10.21±1.97),(12.88±2.45),(12.28±1.42)N,respectively.The specimen location and loading speed have a significant influence on the peel cutting force,and the cuting direction has significant influence on the peeling cut force.The average axial tensile strength of the root skin of the three main sections was (1.41±0.15),(1.29±0.260),(1.08±0.22) MPa,and the average circumferential tensile strength was (0.62±0.09),(0.67±0.25),(0.71±0.19) MPa,respectively.The axial tensile strength of lotus root skin is higher than that of the circumferential tensile strength. Conclusion A circumferential copying mechanical peeling mechanism is designed to reduce cutting resistance and improve the efficiency of mechanical peeling by increasing cutting speed.
lotus root / peeling processing / cut force / tensile strength / mechanical properties
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