化肥减量配施生物有机肥对露地西葫芦产量、品质和养分分配的影响
杨龙涛 , 尚玮瑶 , 万子龙 , 杨海兴 , 张国斌
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (02) : 64 -73.
化肥减量配施生物有机肥对露地西葫芦产量、品质和养分分配的影响
Effects of fertilizer reduction combined with bio-organic fertilizer on yield,quality and nutrient allocation of zucchini in open field
目的 探索适宜西北地区露地种植西葫芦的合理施肥模式。 方法 以西葫芦品种华玉为试验材料,设置不施肥(CK0)、常规施肥(CK1)、化肥减量30%平衡施肥+400 kg/667 m2生物有机肥(T1),化肥减量30%平衡施肥+600 kg/667 m2生物有机肥(T2),化肥减量30%平衡施肥+800 kg/667 m2生物有机肥(T3)5个处理,研究对西葫芦生长指标、品质、产量、干物质和养分吸收分配的影响。 结果 化肥减量30%平衡施肥+600 kg/667 m2生物有机肥(T2)处理经济效益最佳,且植株的株高、茎粗和叶片数显著高于常规施肥(CK1)处理,较CK1处理,T2处理总干物质质量、维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白分别提高了9.84%、9.37%、8.21%和23.73%,硝酸盐含量降低了42.73%,同时,西葫芦果实的氮素、磷素和钾素积累量分别提高了2.50%、14.29%和10.99%。 结论 化肥减量30%平衡施肥+600 kg/667 m2生物有机肥处理收益最佳,并显著提高西胡芦的品质和产量,促进西葫芦养分吸收与积累。
Objective The study aimed to explore a reasonable fertilization pattern suitable for open-field planting of zucchini in northwest China. Method With zucchini variety Huayu as the material,five fertilization treatments were set up,i.e.,no fertilizer (CK0),conventional fertilizer (CK1),30% balanced fertilizer with fertilizer reduction +400 kg/667 m2 biological organic fertilizer (T1),30% balanced fertilizer with fertilizer reduction +600 kg/667 m2 biological organic fertilizer (T2),30% balanced fertilizer with fertilizer reduction + 800 kg/667 m2 biological organic fertilizer (T3),followed by measuring growth indexes,quality,yield,dry matter and nutrient absorption and distribution of zucchini. Result The economic benefit was the highest for the treatment T2,i.e.,the balanced fertilization with 30% fertilizer reduction +600 kg/667 m2 biological organic fertilizer,and the plant height,stem diameter and leaf number of plants were significantly higher than those of conventional fertilization treatment (CK1).Compared with CK1 treatment,T2 treatment increased total dry matter mass,vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein by 9.84%,9.37%,8.21% and 23.73%,respectively,and nitrate content decreased by 42.73%;meanwhile,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation increased by 2.50%,14.29% and 10.99%,respectively. Conclusion The best yield was achieved for the treatment of balanced fertilization with 30% fertilizer reduction+600 kg/667 m2 bioorganic fertilizer treatment,which significantly improved the quality and yield and promoted nutrient absorption and accumulation of zucchini.
西葫芦 / 化肥减施 / 生物有机肥 / 经济效益 / 产量 / 品质
zucchini / fertilizer reduction / biological organic fertilizer / economic benefits / production / quality
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甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-45)
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