宁南黄土区不同人工植被类型深层土壤水分亏缺评价
王月玲 , 许浩 , 安钰 , 万海霞 , 董立国 , 韩新生 , 袁心
甘肃农业大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (02) : 215 -223.
宁南黄土区不同人工植被类型深层土壤水分亏缺评价
Evaluation of water deficits in deep soil of the loess region of southern Ningxia under various vegetation types
目的 开展评估不同人工植被类型深层土壤水分亏缺程度,能为区域科学合理实施植被恢复策略提供理论依据。 方法 以宁夏彭阳中庄小流域5种不同植被类型(山桃林、沙棘林、柠条林、苜蓿地,农田为对照)为研究对象,采用土壤水分相对亏缺指数(CSWDI)和干燥化指数(SDI)定量评价模型,对不同植被类型下0~1 000 cm土壤水分亏缺及干燥化程度进行定量化分析与评价。 结果 不同植被类型深层土壤水分变化特征差异明显,0~1 000 cm平均土壤水分含量呈现出农地(16.29%)>山桃林(13.06%)>沙棘林(12.22%)>柠条林(9.12%)>苜蓿地(8.08%)。在垂直剖面上,土壤水分随土层深度增加总体呈现先减小后增加再逐渐稳定的趋势。在0~1 000 cm农地基本没有水分亏缺和干层发生,山桃林、柠条林、沙棘林和苜蓿地均呈现不同程度的土壤水分亏缺现象,平均土壤水分相对亏缺指数分别为0、0.22、0.62、0.35、0.79,平均土壤干燥化指数分别为185.5%、67.45%、51.55%、87.35%、36.10%,5种植被类型中苜蓿地土壤水分亏缺最严重,其次为柠条林、沙棘林、山桃林、农地。山桃林、柠条林、沙棘林、苜蓿地均有不同程度的干层分布,分别呈现中度、轻度和严重干燥化,干层厚度(DSLT)分别为890、860、800、920 cm,DSL-SWC分别为12.42%、8.14%、11.56%、7.76%。 结论 宁南黄土区不同人工植被类型对深层土壤水分亏缺具有明显影响,导致不同程度土壤干层发生,其中苜蓿地土壤水分亏缺最严重,应采取相应措施恢复土壤水分,促进区域水土资源可持续利用和生态健康发展。
Objective The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate soil water deficits under different vegetation types in the loess region of southern Ningxia,with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the scientific guidance of rational vegetation allocation and ecological restoration. Method The soil water relative deficit index (CSWDI) and desiccation index (SDI) were calculated for Prunus davidiana forest,Hippophae rhamnoides forest,Caragana korshinskii forest,alfalfa land,and farmland within soil profiles of 0 to 100 cm depth.These calculations were used to quantify soil water deficits and their distribution under five distinct vegetation types in the Zhongzhuang small watershed of Pengyang,located within the loess area of southern Ningxia. Result The results showed that the characteristics of soil water variation in the deep layer under different vegetation types were significantly different.The average soil water content within the 0 to 100 cm layer was as follows: farmland (16.29%) > Prunus davidiana forest (13.06%) > Hippophae rhamnoides forest (12.22%) > Caragana korshinskii forest (9.12%) > alfalfa land (8.08%).In the vertical profile,soil moisture initially decreased,then increased,and gradually stabilized with increasing soil depth.Within the 0 to100 cm layer,no water deficit or dry layer was observed in farmland,whereas other vegetation types exhibited varying degrees of soil water deficit.The average CSWDI values were 0,0.22,0.62,0.35,and 0.79,respectively,and the average SDI values were 185.5%,67.45%,51.55%,87.35%,and 36.10%,respectively.It was observed that the soil water deficit was most severe in alfalfa land,followed by Caragana korshinskii forest,Hippophae rhamnoides forest,Prunus davidiana forest,and farmland.The distribution of dry layers in Prunus davidiana forest,Caragana korshinskii forest,and Hippophae rhamnoides forest ranged from moderate to severe,respectively.The depth of the dry soil layer (DSLT) was 890,860,800,and 920 cm,with corresponding soil water contents (DSL-SWC) of 12.42%,8.14%,11.56%,and 7.76%,respectively. Conclusion Different vegetation types significantly impact deep soil water deficits,leading to varying degrees of dry soil layer formation.Consequently,appropriate measures should be implemented to restore soil water,promote the sustainable use of regional water and soil resources,and support the healthy development of the local ecology.
vegetation type / soil water / water deficit / loess region of southern Ningxia
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宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题“黄土丘陵区水土保持关键技术集成研究与示范”(NGSB-2021-14-02)
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