Objective Vegetation is an important part of measuring the quality of the ecological environment.Studying the extent of vegetation cover can provide a theoretical basis for regional ecological improvement,so that appropriate measures can be taken to improve the ecological environment. Method Using the MODIS-NDVI dataset and meteorological data from 2001 to 2021,the spatio-temporal evolution of vegetation cover in Ningxia is analyzed by maximum value synthesis method,mean value method,trend analysis method and correlation analysis method,and the relationship between spatio-temporal vegetation change and climatic factors is discussed. Result From 2001 to 2021,the vegetation cover in Ningxia showed an increasing trend of fluctuation,the growth rate was 0.0014,the change rate of summer NDVI was 0.002 4,and the vegetation improvement was obvious.In terms of area,from 2001 to 2021,the vegetation cover in the southern region increased significantly,accounting for 27.75% of the total area; in the central region,the vegetation cover remained basically unchanged,accounting for 39.21% of the total area; in the northern region,the vegetation cover decreased significantly,accounting for a relatively small area.In southern China,vegetation cover was negatively correlated with temperature and positively correlated with precipitation.In northern China,vegetation cover is positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with precipitation. Conclusion From 2001 to 2021,the vegetation cover in Ningxia showed a gradual improvement trend and the ecological environment gradually improved,which was related to the increase in temperature and precipitation in the study area in the last 20 years.
从宁夏地区2001~2021年多年平均NDVI分布图(图2)可以看出,宁夏地区近20 a NDVI整体呈现中部低,南北高的分布格局。石嘴山市北部植被覆盖较低,南部较高,沿黄河带植被NDVI为0.31~0.41,植被覆盖较好。宁夏南部地区泾源县的NDVI达到最大值0.41~0.67,隆德县、彭阳县次之。由于退耕还林、退牧还草,天然保护等生态保护工程,明显改善了区域植被覆盖情况,使得南部区域的植被覆盖最好。宁夏中部地区盐池、同心和灵武市多年平均NDVI为0.08~0.17,植被覆盖偏低,需要进一步加强生态建设。
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